考核式监管的运行与困境:基于主要污染物总量减排考核的分析

发布时间：2018-04-15 18:04

本文选题：环境监管 + 总量控制　；参考：《政治学研究》2016年04期

【摘要】：西方发达国家监管体系的建构主要围绕监管规则制定的问题,与此不同,我国的监管建设面对巨大的执行挑战。这使得我国的监管过程高度依赖以"考核"为核心的行政手段。基于对主要污染物减排运作过程的勾勒,本文认为,依靠国家内部的考核体系来实现监管目标成为中国监管体系发展的重要特征,减排考核依赖于国家内部的控制体系,而非国家对于企业的日常监管体系。这部分地缓解了环保日常监管能力的不足,使中国环境治理走了一条与西方监管相当不同的道路,同时也隐藏了一系列棘手的难题。因此,依靠社会问责而非国家内部考核体系强化监管执行,并推动监管体系从"督政"到"督企"的转变,是我国监管体系建设的重要任务。
[Abstract]:The construction of supervision system in western developed countries mainly revolves around the problem of making supervision rules. Different from this, the construction of supervision in our country faces enormous implementation challenges.This makes China's regulatory process highly dependent on "assessment" as the core of the administrative means.Based on the outline of the operating process of emission reduction of major pollutants, this paper argues that it is an important feature of the development of China's regulatory system to rely on the assessment system within the country to achieve the regulatory objectives, and the assessment of emission reduction depends on the internal control system of the country.Rather than the state's daily regulatory system for enterprises.This partly alleviates the deficiency of the environmental protection daily supervision ability, causes the Chinese environmental governance to take a quite different path from the western regulation, but also hides a series of difficult problems.Therefore, it is an important task for the construction of supervision system to rely on the social accountability instead of the internal examination system to strengthen the supervision and enforcement, and to promote the transformation of the supervision system from "supervising the government" to "supervising the enterprise".
【作者单位】：中山大学中国公共管理研究中心、政治与公共事务管理学院;芝加哥大学政治学系;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目(2014)“国家治理现代化与干部考核评价制度改革:以减排考核为例”(14YJC810005) 中山大学优秀青年教师培育计划资助
【分类号】：X321;D630.9

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