牧民与牛：白玉藏族观念变迁研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 20:37

本文选题：藏族 + 牦牛　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文以四川白玉地区藏族牧民对牛观念的变迁现象为研究题目。即当地藏族牧民传统上抱有对牛的尊敬态度,既不杀牛也不卖牛。而近年,这种不杀不卖的态度正不断发生变化,牦牛买卖与杀牛现象不断增加。本文文章结合田野调查资料,以宗教人类学、物格理论、财产属性等理论为支撑,对这一变迁过程进行不同方面的分析。展现了牦牛人格属性到物格属性,乃至财产属性,并在特殊经济环境下被售卖宰杀的过程。进而揭示当地的宗教因素变化、观念更新、科学文化程度提升与经济因素嬗变状况。同时,分别由尊重牛的传统观念态度的形成与变迁两个方向,对其进行管窥。一方面探讨传统态度如何形成,为何不杀牛也不卖牛。这一传统态度形成的重要因素为何。另一方面思考这一观念变迁的过程,如何变迁,变迁的主要动机与因素为何。最终从对各个方面因素的分析,诠释整个文化变迁现象。本文共分为四个部分:第一部分为绪论与第一章,绪论主要对当前有关文化变迁、白玉地区等相关方面的研究现状与研究成果进行介绍,简要介绍本文说引用的研究理论与研究方法,第一章这主要针对田野点的自然状况、人口、经济等社会现状进行说明。第二部分为第二章,主要从社区调查的角度,结合调查多得到的数据与访谈资料,运用统计与比较分析的方法,一方面,展现在败于当地藏族牧民中存在着对牛尊重的传统观念,另一方面通过再杀与牦牛买卖的行为增加展现相应的变迁现象。第三部分为第三章、第四章、第五章,分别从宗教因素、思想观念因素、经济因素三个方面对这一现象进行分析。由传统观念形成的思想基础出发,探究这一基础的削弱对变迁的影响。进而思考人与牛相亟别思想形成的过程,分析牦牛作为财产属性的确立。并从经济因素变迁这一角度探讨杀牛与卖牛行为的增加。第四部分为结语,即对于这种传统观念变迁现象的总体思考,尝试通过对该现象的分析,形成对于当地藏族牧民的宗教、思想观念、经济方面变化的一个新全景,最终揭示这一变化背后的文化变迁现象。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the change of Tibetan herdsmen's concept of cattle in Baiyu area, Sichuan Province. Local Tibetan herdsmen have traditionally held a respectful attitude toward cattle, neither killing cattle nor selling cattle. In recent years, this attitude is constantly changing, yak trading and cattle killing phenomenon is increasing. This paper, based on the field investigation, supported by the theories of religious anthropology, physical case theory and property property, analyzes the process of this change from different aspects. It shows the process of yak personality attribute, property attribute, and be sold and slaughtered under the special economic environment. Then it reveals the changes of local religious factors, the renewal of ideas, the improvement of scientific and cultural level and the evolution of economic factors. At the same time, the formation and change of the traditional attitude of respecting cattle are analyzed. On the one hand, discuss the traditional attitude how to form, why not kill cattle and do not sell cattle. What are the important factors in the formation of this traditional attitude? On the other hand, consider the process of the change of the concept, how to change, the main motivation and factors of the change. Finally, from the analysis of various factors, the interpretation of the whole phenomenon of cultural change. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction and the first chapter. The introduction mainly introduces the current research status and research results of related aspects, such as cultural changes, Baiyu area, etc. This paper briefly introduces the research theory and research methods cited in this paper. The first chapter mainly focuses on the natural situation, population, economy and other social conditions of the field. The second part is the second chapter, mainly from the perspective of community survey, combined with the survey data and interviews, the use of statistical and comparative analysis methods, on the one hand, There is a traditional concept of respect for cattle in the local Tibetan herdsmen, on the other hand, the phenomenon of corresponding changes is revealed by increasing the behavior of killing and buying yaks. The third part is the third chapter, the fourth chapter, the fifth chapter, separately carries on the analysis from the religious factor, the thought factor, the economic factor three aspects to carry on the analysis to this phenomenon. Based on the traditional ideas, this paper explores the influence of the weakening of this foundation on the changes. And then thinking about the formation of the thought of people and cattle, and analyzing the establishment of yak as property. The increase of cattle killing and cattle selling was discussed from the angle of economic factors. The fourth part is the conclusion, that is, the general thinking on the phenomenon of the change of traditional ideas, trying to form a new panorama of the change of religion, ideology and economy for the local Tibetan herdsmen through the analysis of this phenomenon. Finally, it reveals the cultural change behind this change.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C951

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