大数据背景下政府舆论引导能力提升策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 08:41

本文选题：大数据 + 舆情　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：政府舆论引导能力是政府运用所掌控的公共媒体资源和国际传媒的强大传播优势,将客观存在的社会舆论引导到正确、积极的轨道上来,以促使其朝着符合社会主义核心价值观的方向发展等方面的能力。它是政府治理能力体系的重要组成部分。政府舆论引导能力的高低直接体现着政府执政水平的高低,也就成为了衡量政府执政能力强弱的关键要素。大数据背景下,信息技术飞速发展、数据爆炸等导致整个社会舆情态势复杂而多变,严重影响社会稳定与公共安全,亟待提升政府舆论引导能力,以适应时代要求。但是,目前我国政府舆论引导能力存在诸多不足之处:舆情预判能力方面,缺乏专业的管理部门和工具以及科学高效的舆情分析研判手段,且政府舆情监测容易走向误区;快速应变能力方面,政府发布的信息无法满足民众需求,介入舆情事件的主动性不强,对舆情事件的反应速度相对滞后;优化整合能力方面,缺乏与公众之间有效的合作交流,政府各职能部门之间协调配合程度不高;科学决策能力方面,政府的新媒体运用能力较弱导致决策依据不够充分与合理,滥用行政权力导致决策唯权至上,缺乏对舆情的针对性分析;等等。政府舆论引导能力之所以存在以上问题的主要原因在于:一是政府缺乏大数据意识和对网络舆论的不重视,导致舆情监测预警不健全与预判能力不足;二是政府角色没有转变为舆情的有效治理者和舆论的有力引导者,导致官方回应与处置乏力;三是数据采集技术落后,数据条块分割、平台缺乏统一标准,导致政府内部及其与外部主体之间缺乏有效互动与合作;四是政府没有意识到舆情数据的价值和和民意的重要性,忽视了人民群众的意见和建议,导致决策依据不科学,政府决策能力相对较弱。要从根本上提升政府舆论引导能力,必须根据上述问题及其原因进行有针对性地改进与完善:健全大数据舆情预警机制,提升政府舆论引导的准确预判能力;健全大数据舆情应急机制,提升政府舆论引导的快速应变能力;健全大数据舆情联动机制,提升政府舆论引导的优化整合能力;健全大数据舆情评估机制,提升政府舆论引导的科学决策能力。
[Abstract]:The ability of the government to guide public opinion is to use the resources of the public media and the powerful communication advantages of the international media to guide the objectively existing public opinion to a correct and positive track. In order to promote its socialist core values in line with the direction of development and other aspects of the ability. It is an important part of the ability system of government governance. The ability of government public opinion guidance directly reflects the level of government governance and becomes the key factor to measure the government's ruling ability. Under the background of big data, the rapid development of information technology and the explosion of data lead to the complex and changeable situation of the whole social public opinion, which seriously affects the social stability and public safety. It is urgent to improve the ability of the government to guide public opinion in order to meet the requirements of the times. However, there are many shortcomings in the ability of public opinion guidance: the ability of public opinion prejudgment, the lack of professional management departments and tools, scientific and efficient means of public opinion analysis and judgment, and the government monitoring of public opinion is easy to go wrong; In terms of rapid response ability, the information released by the government can not meet the needs of the public, the initiative to intervene in public opinion events is not strong, the response speed to public opinion events is relatively slow; the ability to optimize integration, the lack of effective cooperation and communication with the public, The degree of coordination and coordination among various government departments is not high; in the aspect of scientific decision-making ability, the weak ability of the government to use new media leads to insufficient and reasonable basis for decision-making, and abuse of administrative power leads to the supremacy of decision-making. Lack of targeted analysis of public opinion; etc. The main reasons for the above problems are as follows: first, the government lacks big data's consciousness and does not attach importance to the network public opinion, which leads to the unsound monitoring and warning of public opinion and the insufficiency of pre-judgment ability; Second, the role of the government has not been transformed into an effective governer of public opinion and a powerful guide of public opinion, resulting in a lack of official response and disposal; third, the backward technology of data collection, the fragmentation of data, and the lack of a unified standard for the platform. It leads to the lack of effective interaction and cooperation within the government and between the external subjects and the government. Fourthly, the government does not realize the value of public opinion data and the importance of public opinion, neglects the opinions and suggestions of the people, and leads to unscientific basis for decision-making. The government's ability to make decisions is relatively weak. In order to improve the guiding ability of government public opinion, we must improve and perfect it according to the above problems and its reasons: improve big data's early warning mechanism of public opinion, enhance the ability of accurate prejudgment of the guidance of government public opinion; Improve big data's emergency mechanism of public opinion, enhance the ability of government public opinion guidance to respond quickly; perfect the linkage mechanism of public opinion of big data, improve the ability of optimizing and integrating the guidance of government public opinion; perfect the mechanism of public opinion evaluation of big data, Improve the ability of scientific decision-making guided by government public opinion.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630

【参考文献】