依法治国视阈下信访制度功能定位问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 11:39

本文选题：依法治国 + 信访制度　；参考：《河南财经政法大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：信访制度自设立实施以来,历经半个多世纪之久。作为从党的群众路线中衍生出的制度设计,信访制度在一定的时期内发挥了重要的积极作用。在制度设计之初,信访制度发挥着权力监督和信息沟通的双重作用,公民通过信访制度对国家公权力实现监督,党和政府通过信访制度接收群众批评和建议。然而,随着时代背景的转变,信访制度在特殊时期担当了申冤平反的工具,异化出权利救济的功能。随着权利救济功能的不断膨胀、信息沟通与权力监督功能的弱化,信访制度开始暴露出与法治相悖的一面,即使这种冲突是由于其功能错位而导致的结果,但信访制度在实际运行中消解司法权威的事实依然使其成为众矢之的。信访制度陷入困境的主要原因是其功能的错位,导致其功能错位的具体原因体现在多方面,主要是传统文化的影响、政治体制的影响、经济发展的影响、制度自身的弊端、机构设置的庞杂和群众的思维惯性。针对错综复杂的原因,在依法治国的大背景下、基于我国基本国情的基础上,从理论和实践角度来着手改革信访制度。信访制度的改革是一个长期而艰巨的过程,在明确信访制度功能定位的同时,信访部门要顺应时代的发展需求,变被动为主动,积极探索网络信访的发展空间。整合信访机构、提高公民的法治意识、完善司法体制建设,弱化信访制度救济功能的同时强化司法救济的主体地位,走渐进式改革的方式引导信访制度实现法治化,与依法治国并行不悖。
[Abstract]:Since the establishment and implementation of the petition system, it has gone through more than half a century. As a system design derived from the mass line of the Party, the petition system has played an important and positive role in a certain period. At the beginning of the system design, the petition system played a dual role of power supervision and information communication. Citizens supervised the state public power through the petition system, and the party and government received criticism and suggestions from the masses through the petition system. However, with the change of the background of the times, the petition system acts as a tool for redress of grievances in a special period and dissimilates the function of right relief. With the expansion of the right relief function and the weakening of the function of information communication and power supervision, the letter and visit system begins to expose the opposite side of the rule of law, even though the conflict is the result of its function dislocation. But the fact that the petition system dispels the judicial authority in practice still makes it a target. The main reason for the difficulty of the petition system is the dislocation of its function. The specific reasons leading to the dislocation of its function are embodied in many aspects, mainly the influence of traditional culture, the influence of political system, the influence of economic development, the malpractice of the system itself. The complexity of the organization and the inertia of the people's thinking. In view of the complicated reasons, under the background of ruling the country according to law and on the basis of the basic national conditions of our country, the system of letters and visits should be reformed from the angle of theory and practice. The reform of the petition system is a long and arduous process. While defining the function of the letter and visit system, the petition department should adapt to the development needs of the times, turn passivity into initiative, and actively explore the development space of the network letter and visit system. Integrating the petition institutions, improving citizens' awareness of the rule of law, perfecting the construction of the judicial system, weakening the relief function of the petition system and strengthening the main position of the judicial relief, and guiding the petition system to achieve the rule of law by the way of gradual reform. Running the country side by side with the rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：河南财经政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D632.8

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