中国信访制度之困境及完善
发布时间：2018-09-01 09:45
【摘要】：信访制度作为一项具有中国特色的社会政治制度,有其深刻的历史渊源、社会背景和现实基础,长期以来一直发挥着联系群众、了解社情民意、公民权利救济、监督政府执政、缓和社会矛盾等功能,为构建社会主义和谐社会维护社会稳定发挥着积极作用。近年来,随着我国经济、政治及社会生活等方面的发展,经济体制、社会结构、利益格局及人们的思想意识发生着很大的变化。当群众利益受损时,他们要求更经济及便利的方式维护权益,司法途径效率低下、堵塞不畅,部分群众本应通过法律解决问题,但往往选择信访；部分群众通过法律途径未达到目的时,也走向了信访。从而使信访成为目前我国群众表达诉求、解决问题的重要途径之一。中国现行信访机构庞杂,信访部门权轻责重,信访制度存在的缺陷影响了作用的发挥,冲击着当代司法的权威。信访量激增,信访人法律救济意识淡薄等原因,致使信访作为一种非诉救济方式实现其化解纠纷、权利救济发生困难。目前,在中国废除信访制度显然是不可能,也是不现实的,对中国信访制度而言,既不能让其无限膨胀,也不能裹足不前。本文将从我国信访制度的发展历程、功能入手,阐述信访制度在我国当前政治生活中的现状、作用及困境,解析完善信访制度的措施方法,使信访制度立足国情,依托法治,在化解社会矛盾纠纷、监督政府依法行政、公民参政议政及维护群众合法权益方面发挥更合理的作用,实现信访与国情相适应,与法治相融合。
[Abstract]:As a social and political system with Chinese characteristics, the petition system has its profound historical origin, social background and realistic foundation. For a long time, it has been playing an important role in connecting with the masses, understanding the social situation and public opinion, the relief of civil rights, and the supervision of the government in power. Easing social contradictions and other functions plays an active role in building a harmonious socialist society and maintaining social stability. In recent years, with the development of economy, politics and social life in China, great changes have taken place in economic system, social structure, benefit pattern and people's ideology. When the interests of the masses are damaged, they demand a more economical and convenient way to safeguard their rights and interests. Judicial channels are inefficient and blocked. Some people should solve problems by law, but they often choose letters and visits. Some people through legal channels did not achieve their goals, but also towards the petition. Therefore, letters and visits have become one of the important ways for the masses to express their demands and solve the problems. China's current petition organization is complex, the power of the petition department is light and the responsibility is heavy, the defects of the petition system affect the exertion of the function and impinge on the authority of the contemporary judicature. Because of the sharp increase in the number of letters and visits and the weak awareness of legal relief for petitioners, it is difficult to resolve disputes and to remedy rights as a non-litigation remedy. At present, it is obviously impossible and unrealistic to abolish the petition system in China. This article will start with the development course and function of the petition system in our country, expound the present situation, function and predicament of the petition system in the current political life of our country, analyze the measure method of perfecting the letter and visit system, make the letter and visit system base on the national conditions and rely on the rule of law. It plays a more rational role in resolving social contradictions and disputes, supervising government administration according to law, citizens participating in political affairs, and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the masses.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.8
本文编号：2216817
[Abstract]:As a social and political system with Chinese characteristics, the petition system has its profound historical origin, social background and realistic foundation. For a long time, it has been playing an important role in connecting with the masses, understanding the social situation and public opinion, the relief of civil rights, and the supervision of the government in power. Easing social contradictions and other functions plays an active role in building a harmonious socialist society and maintaining social stability. In recent years, with the development of economy, politics and social life in China, great changes have taken place in economic system, social structure, benefit pattern and people's ideology. When the interests of the masses are damaged, they demand a more economical and convenient way to safeguard their rights and interests. Judicial channels are inefficient and blocked. Some people should solve problems by law, but they often choose letters and visits. Some people through legal channels did not achieve their goals, but also towards the petition. Therefore, letters and visits have become one of the important ways for the masses to express their demands and solve the problems. China's current petition organization is complex, the power of the petition department is light and the responsibility is heavy, the defects of the petition system affect the exertion of the function and impinge on the authority of the contemporary judicature. Because of the sharp increase in the number of letters and visits and the weak awareness of legal relief for petitioners, it is difficult to resolve disputes and to remedy rights as a non-litigation remedy. At present, it is obviously impossible and unrealistic to abolish the petition system in China. This article will start with the development course and function of the petition system in our country, expound the present situation, function and predicament of the petition system in the current political life of our country, analyze the measure method of perfecting the letter and visit system, make the letter and visit system base on the national conditions and rely on the rule of law. It plays a more rational role in resolving social contradictions and disputes, supervising government administration according to law, citizens participating in political affairs, and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the masses.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.8
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