地方政府购买公共服务的问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-11-27 21:34

【摘要】：政府购买公共服务,是将公共财政支出范围内的公共服务“外包”给社会组织,以契约的形式来完成公共服务。这种政府以“合同”来“外包”公共服务的方式在20世纪80年代后大规模兴起,目前在世界各国已经开展起来。20世纪90年代,我国上海首先开始实行政府购买公共服务,并取得了显著成效。上海的成功带动我国各地政府积极开始了关于政府购买这一领域的探索。2013年十八届三中全会上,就实现政府职能转变如何改革这一议题,政府购买作为重要解决举措被提出。政府购买的实行不仅可以推进地方政府简政放权,同时还能减少政府对经济的直接干预,以达到提高公共服务的效率和质量的目的。然而,中国政府购买公共服务目前仍处于探索期,凸显出来的问题诸多,如政府对购买服务意识淡薄、缺乏具体的法律规范、服务领域不够广泛、总量少等问题。对此,我们有必要深入研究政府购买公共服务,不断完善政府购买公共服务机制,以推动经济社会全面发展。本文多角度、多层次来剖析我国地方政府购买公共服务,对此进行综合分析与研究,通过借鉴国外先进政府购买公共服务的模式,结合我国当前构建新型服务型政府和加快推进市场经济这一目标,对我国地方政府购买公共服务的发展、实践和成就进行研究,在此基础上,通过借鉴上海模式、广东模式、无锡模式的实际实践情况,深度分析我国地方政府购买公共服务存在的问题以及其原因。提出了转变政府职能、建全法律法规、规范政府购买范围和流程、完善评估与监督机制、营造良好市场环境和推进购买形式六个方面的对策建议。
[Abstract]:The government buys public service, is to "outsource" the public service within the scope of public finance expenditure to the social organization, completes the public service by the contract form. This kind of government "contract" to "outsource" public services has emerged in a large scale since the 1980s, and has been carried out all over the world. In the 1990s, China's Shanghai first began to implement government purchase of public services. And achieved remarkable results. The success of Shanghai has led our local governments to actively begin to explore this area of government purchase. At the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee in 2013, government purchase was put forward as an important measure to solve the problem of how to realize the transformation of government functions. The implementation of government purchase can not only promote the decentralization of power by local governments, but also reduce the direct government intervention in the economy, so as to improve the efficiency and quality of public services. However, the purchase of public services by the Chinese government is still in the period of exploration, which highlights many problems, such as the weak consciousness of the government in purchasing services, the lack of specific legal norms, the lack of extensive service fields and the small amount of services. Therefore, it is necessary for us to study the government's purchase of public services and improve the mechanism of government's purchase of public services in order to promote the overall development of economy and society. This paper analyzes the purchase of public services by local governments in our country from various angles and levels, and makes a comprehensive analysis and research on them, and draws lessons from the mode of purchasing public services by foreign advanced governments. Combined with the goal of constructing a new service-oriented government and speeding up the promotion of market economy, this paper studies the development, practice and achievements of local governments in purchasing public services. On the basis of this, we can learn from the Shanghai model and the Guangdong model. The practical situation of Wuxi model is analyzed, and the problems and reasons of local government purchasing public service are analyzed in depth. The countermeasures and suggestions on transforming government functions, establishing laws and regulations, standardizing the scope and process of government purchase, perfecting the mechanism of evaluation and supervision, creating a good market environment and promoting purchase form are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630

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