地方政府购买公共服务的风险及其防范研究

发布时间：2019-01-07 06:50

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济保持着持续快速增长的速度,人民群众的公共服务需求日益增加,地方政府购买公共服务已经成为一种新理念、新方式对满足公众多元化、个性化的需求起到重要的作用,具有巨大的潜力与优势。近年来,各级地方政府不仅出台了一系列重要的指导性文件,同时陆续开展购买公共服务的实践活动,财政资金投入增加,购买内容和范围不断扩大,但任何事物都具有双重性,地方政府购买公共服务同样有利有弊,弊端从国内外公共服务的实践中日益显现,表明地方政府购买公共服务并非是万能的,其暴露出了制度缺陷、管理漏洞,从而引发运行风险。因此,地方政府应该树立风险意识,准确识别购买过程中的风险源,分析风险类型及其表现形式,构建地方政府购买公共服务的风险防范体系,最大限度的消除购买过程中的负面效应,这也正是购买过程中的一项重要环节。目前,部分学者已经认识到政府购买公共服务中风险研究的重要性,但仍然还需要进一步完善,本文对地方政府购买公共服务中风险的研究有了进一步探讨。首先从地方政府购买公共服务政策的梳理与其实施情况入手,了解到政策实施的预期效果尚未达到政策目标,存在政策执行偏差,容易产生购买风险,造成一定损失,其次,进行了地方政府购买公共服务的风险分析,明晰了风险的形成、具体表现形式及特征。由于风险的形成不是一蹴而就的,是多种风险源耦合的结果,因而进一步识别引发购买风险的源头,主要有制度不够完善、购买市场不健全、信息不对称、地方政府合同管理能力较弱,这些制度问题、市场缺陷、管理漏洞增加了地方政府购买公共服务风险发生的概率,是风险产生的根源所在,也是进行风险分析的前提与基础。最后提出应从源头治理,加强风险源的识别与预防,结合宏观制度环境、微观的运行机制,改变风险发生的环境,同时地方政府要提升自身风险防范能力,在此基础上形成地方政府购买公共服务风险防范的合力,将风险发生的可能性降到最低。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has maintained a sustained and rapid growth rate, the public service demand of the people is increasing day by day, local governments have become a new concept to purchase public services, new ways to meet the needs of the public diversification, Personalized demand plays an important role, with great potential and advantages. In recent years, local governments at all levels have not only issued a series of important guiding documents, but also carried out practical activities to purchase public services one after another, increasing financial investment and expanding the content and scope of purchases. But everything has duality, the local government to buy public services have advantages and disadvantages, the drawbacks from the practice of public services at home and abroad increasingly appear, indicating that the local government purchase of public services is not omnipotent, it exposed the defects of the system. Manage vulnerabilities that can lead to running risks. Therefore, the local government should set up the risk consciousness, identify the risk source in the process of purchasing accurately, analyze the risk type and its manifestation, and construct the risk prevention system of the local government purchasing the public service. Eliminate the negative effect in the purchase process to the maximum extent, this is also an important link in the purchase process. At present, some scholars have realized the importance of risk research in government purchase of public services, but it still needs to be further improved. First of all, starting from the combing and implementation of the local government purchase public service policy, we know that the expected effect of the policy implementation has not yet reached the policy objectives, there are policy implementation deviations, easy to produce purchase risk, resulting in certain losses, and secondly, The paper analyzes the risk of local government purchasing public service, and clarifies the formation, form and characteristics of the risk. Since the formation of risk is not accomplished overnight, it is the result of coupling of various risk sources. Therefore, the sources of risk caused by purchase are further identified, such as imperfect system, imperfect purchase market, asymmetric information. The local government contract management ability is weak, these system problems, the market flaw, the management loophole has increased the local government purchase public service risk occurrence probability, is the risk origin, also is carries on the risk analysis premise and the foundation. Finally, it is proposed that we should treat the source from the source, strengthen the identification and prevention of the risk source, combine the macro institutional environment, the micro operating mechanism, change the environment in which the risk occurs, and at the same time, the local government should enhance its own ability of risk prevention. On this basis, the local government to purchase public services to prevent the risk of joint forces to reduce the possibility of risk to the lowest.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630

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