独龙族社会治理中的民意表达途径研究

发布时间：2019-05-15 16:15

【摘要】：参与式民主在中国的实践是目前社会研究的热点,与代议制民主不同的是,参与式民主更加强调公民对公共事务的直接参与,尤其是在公共政策领域的参与。民意表达是公共参与的起点,广泛而真实的民意输入到公共政策中,能促进公共政策的科学性、合理性及可行性,同时增进公民对政府等公权力部门的认同及其本身的合法性等。公民的直接参与比起代议民主更能体现出民主的价值。本文在独龙族社会的整乡推进、整族帮扶政策的大背景下,研究独龙族社会治理中的民意表达途径。参与协商民主是本文的理论基础,本文以民主的视角作为切入口,分析独龙族社会在特殊的转型时期存在的民意诉求以及目前存在于独龙族社会中的各种民意表达途径。通过实地调研发现由于独龙族社会的长期封闭导致了独龙族整体民意表达意识欠缺、表达主动性和积极性差,民意表达途径制度层面上也存在许多亟待解决的问题,并且深入探讨了各种影响因素与独龙族民意表达途径选择之间的关联,找出独龙族民意表达存在的现实障碍并针对性地提出自己的完善对策。全文分为以下6个方面的内容讨论：一是绪论部分,详述了研究背景、研究意义、研究方法与思路,同时对民意表达的研究现状进行了概述,并对相关概念进行了界定,为全文做了基础性的铺垫。二是对民意主体——独龙族及其调研地的民意环境做了详细的介绍并对民意表达对象的变迁历史作了简单的梳理,着重描述当前独龙族社会的民意表达对象,为更好的理解独龙族的民意及其民意表达行为奠定了基础。三阐述独龙族社会的民意诉求和民意表达途径,对民意进行细化分类,分析了独龙族的选举民意、与政策相关的民意、潜在的民意等,并将民意表达途径归为正式途径和民间途径两大类,具体剖析了独龙族社会当前存在的民意表达途径,对独龙族社会欠缺的专业途径和媒体途径也做了简略的分析和介绍。较完整地展现了独龙族在帮扶政策背景下的民意及民意表达途径。四是用定量分析法分析了独龙族民意表达途径选择和影响因素之间的关联,进而发现影响独龙族民意表达的障碍因素,得出公民主体意识的缺失是独龙族民意表达最大障碍的结论,并且具体深入探讨了在独龙族社会现存民意表达途径的问题。五是提出解决问题的对策措施,首先从提高独龙族公民的民意表达意识及转变公共权力部门对待民意态度等意识层面问题抓起,再具体的从制度层面和具体的操作层面入手,全面提升独龙族民意表达的路径,达到完善独龙族民意表达状况的目的。
[Abstract]:The practice of participatory democracy in China is the focus of social research at present. Different from representative democracy, participatory democracy emphasizes the direct participation of citizens in public affairs, especially in the field of public policy. The expression of public opinion is the starting point of public participation. Extensive and true public opinion input into public policy can promote the scientific, reasonable and feasible of public policy. At the same time, to enhance the identity of citizens to the government and other public power departments and their own legitimacy. The direct participation of citizens reflects the value of democracy more than representative democracy. Under the background of the promotion of Dulong society and the policy of helping Dulong nationality, this paper studies the ways of expressing public opinion in Dulong social governance. Participation in consultative democracy is the theoretical basis of this paper. From the perspective of democracy, this paper analyzes the public opinion demands of Dulong society in a special transition period and various ways of public opinion expression existing in Dulong society at present. Through the field investigation, it is found that due to the long-term closure of the Dulong society, the Dulong nationality has a lack of overall awareness of public opinion expression, poor expression initiative and enthusiasm, and there are also many problems to be solved at the institutional level of the way of public opinion expression. This paper also probes into the relationship between various influencing factors and the choice of public opinion expression of Dulong nationality, finds out the realistic obstacles existing in the expression of Dulong public opinion, and puts forward some countermeasures for their own perfection. The full text is divided into the following six aspects of the discussion: first, the introduction part, detailing the research background, research significance, research methods and ideas, at the same time, the research status of public opinion expression is summarized, and the related concepts are defined. For the full text to do the basic foreshadowing. Second, it introduces the public opinion environment of Dulong nationality and its research place in detail, and briefly combs the changing history of the object of public opinion expression, with emphasis on describing the object of public opinion expression in Dulong society at present. It lays a foundation for a better understanding of Dulong people's public opinion and its expression of public opinion. Three expounds the public opinion demand and the public opinion expression way of the Dulong nationality society, carries on the detailed classification to the public opinion, analyzes the Dulong nationality election public opinion, the public opinion related to the policy, the potential public opinion and so on. The way of public opinion expression is divided into two categories: formal way and folk way, and the existing ways of public opinion expression in Dulong society are analyzed concretely, and the professional ways and media channels lacking in Dulong society are also briefly analyzed and introduced. It shows the Dulong nationality's public opinion and public opinion expression way under the background of the support policy. Fourth, this paper analyzes the relationship between the choice of Dulong nationality's public opinion expression and its influencing factors by quantitative analysis, and then finds out the obstacle factors that affect the Dulong's public opinion expression. It is concluded that the lack of citizen subject consciousness is the biggest obstacle to the expression of public opinion of Dulong nationality, and the existing ways of expressing public opinion in Dulong society are discussed in detail. Fifth, put forward the countermeasures to solve the problem, first of all, start from the conscious level of improving the public opinion expression consciousness of Dulong citizens and changing the public power department's attitude towards public opinion, and then start from the system level and the concrete operation level. Improve the path of Dulong public opinion expression in an all-round way, and achieve the purpose of perfecting Dulong public opinion expression.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D633;D630

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