环境保护的党政同责研究

发布时间：2019-06-19 11:53

【摘要】：早在二十世纪八十年代,环境保护就被定为我国的一项基本国策,这足以证明国家对环境保护问题的重视。然而,在我国的现代化建设过程中,随着经济的快速发展,很多环境问题还没有得到彻底解决,反而在21世纪迎来了很多新的环境危机。针对如何实现经济发展与环境保护共赢的重要问题,很多学者都做了认真的探索和研究。不少学者研究并提出政府环境责任的缺失是导致环境污染和环境事故的一个重要原因,这已经从责任追究制度方面提供了新视角。环境问题是公共问题,需要顶层设计才可以从根本上走出环保问题困境。所以,鉴于我国颇为严重的环境形势和特殊的政治行政体制,我们有必要对环境领域中党政层面的问责机制进行研究。 ·本文共分为三大部分:导论、正文和结论。正文有三点:第一,阐述了环境保护党政同责的相关概念及理论依据。相关概念主要包括环境保护、环境责任、政府环境责任、党政同责。生态马克思主义理论、科学发展观、公共利益理论、环境正义理论、以及公共信托理论为本研究提供了坚实的理论基础。第二,运用文献研究法和经验总结法,根据我国目前已有的中央文件和地方成就论述了党政同责的可能性;从我国党政关系的角度论述了环境保护党政同责的必要性及其现实意义。第三,通过对相关规章条例的研读、思考,并结合分析我国环境案例,运用经验分析法和比较研究法,分析我国环境保护党政同责面临的不足,主要有问责机制不健全、权责关系不明晰、惩罚力度不够大和执法监管不到位等问题,本文在参考原有“安全生产,一岗双责”的管理经验的基础上,提出了完善问责机制、明晰权责关系、加强惩罚措施、加大监管力度等相应的推进路径。根据中国的国情,把党委纳入环境保护问责体系,是一种顶层设计,只有拥有实权的党委和政府共同对环境保护负责,才能确保经济发展和生态文明协同发展,实现共赢。希冀环境保护党政同责的实行,能够有效改变重经济发展、轻环境保护的理念。
[Abstract]:As early as the 1980s, environmental protection was designated as a basic national policy of our country, which proves that the state attaches importance to the problem of environmental protection. However, in the process of modernization in our country, with the rapid development of economy, many environmental problems have not been completely solved, but many new environmental crises have been ushered in the 21st century. In view of the important problem of how to realize the win-win problem of economic development and environmental protection, many scholars have done serious exploration and research. Many scholars have studied and pointed out that the lack of government environmental responsibility is an important cause of environmental pollution and environmental accidents, which has provided a new perspective from the aspect of accountability system. Environmental problems are public problems, and top-level design is needed to fundamentally get out of the predicament of environmental protection problems. Therefore, in view of the serious environmental situation and special political and administrative system in our country, it is necessary for us to study the accountability mechanism of the party and government in the field of environment. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. There are three points in the main body: first, it expounds the related concepts and theoretical basis of environmental protection party and government responsibility. Related concepts mainly include environmental protection, environmental responsibility, government environmental responsibility, party and government responsibility. Ecological Marxism theory, scientific concept of development, public interest theory, environmental justice theory and public trust theory provide a solid theoretical basis for this study. Secondly, by using the method of literature research and experience summary, this paper discusses the possibility of the party and government responsibility according to the existing central documents and local achievements in our country, and discusses the necessity and practical significance of the party and government responsibility of environmental protection from the angle of the relationship between the party and the government in our country. Third, through the study of the relevant regulations and regulations, and combined with the analysis of environmental cases in our country, using empirical analysis and comparative research method, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of the party and government responsibility of environmental protection in our country, such as the imperfect accountability mechanism, the unclear relationship between power and responsibility, the insufficient punishment and the inadequate supervision of law enforcement, etc., on the basis of referring to the original management experience of "safety in production, one post and two responsibilities". This paper puts forward the corresponding promotion paths, such as perfecting the accountability mechanism, clarifying the relationship between power and responsibility, strengthening the punishment measures, strengthening the supervision and so on. According to China's national conditions, it is a top-level design to bring the party committee into the accountability system of environmental protection. Only if the party committee and the government with real power are jointly responsible for environmental protection can we ensure the coordinated development of economic development and ecological civilization and achieve win-win results. It is hoped that the implementation of the same responsibility of the party and government of environmental protection can effectively change the concept of emphasizing economic development and neglecting environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630;X321

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