退出、呼吁与地方公共事务治理:一个分析性框架的建构

发布时间：2019-06-19 13:12

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国在经济建设上取得巨大的成绩,却在公共事务领域遇到诸多治理难题。对此,经济学家常常依托"用脚投票"机制,在地方政府竞争框架下展开解读;而政治学家和社会学家则依托"用手投票"机制,强调政治社会过程中的各种力量及其作用机制。借助赫希曼的"退出—呼吁"理论,本文构建了一个融合这两种机制的理论模型,以图捕捉其作用的条件。基于该模型,进一步把地方公共事务治理视为一个社会各部门共同参与、联合生产的过程,详细剖析了"用手投票"机制发挥作用的三条机理路径。基于面板数据,本文还以因特网普及率作为"用手投票"能力的代理变量,对呼吁机制在约束地方政府腐败行为方面的作用进行了初步检验。研究结果表明,要理解中国改革成绩与问题并存背后的原因,需要同时考虑退出和呼吁机制,相关制度设计应维持两者的平衡。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in economic construction, but encountered many governance problems in the field of public affairs. In this regard, economists often rely on the mechanism of "voting with their feet" to interpret it under the framework of local government competition, while political scientists and sociologists rely on the mechanism of "voting by hand", emphasizing all kinds of forces and their mechanisms in the process of politics and society. With the help of Hershman's "exit-call" theory, this paper constructs a theoretical model that combines the two mechanisms in order to capture the conditions under which they work. Based on this model, the governance of local public affairs is further regarded as the process of joint production by all departments of society, and the three mechanism paths of "voting by hand" mechanism are analyzed in detail. Based on the panel data, this paper also takes the Internet penetration rate as the proxy variable of the ability of "voting by hand", and makes a preliminary test on the role of the appeal mechanism in restricting the corruption of local governments. The results show that in order to understand the reasons behind the coexistence of achievements and problems in China's reform, both withdrawal and appeal mechanisms need to be considered at the same time, and the balance between the two should be maintained in the design of relevant systems.
【作者单位】：浙江大学光华法学院;浙江财经大学财政与公共管理学院;
【基金】：浙江省自然科学基金青年项目(Q14G030046) 国家社会科学基金青年项目(12CJL026)
【分类号】：D630

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