余华长篇小说创作的“变”与“常”

发布时间：2018-03-02 03:12

本文关键词： 余华批判性文学性人性命运　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：余华自九十年代创作长篇小说以来,他的作品一经出版就备受读者与批评家的关注。九十年代出版的《活着》与《许三观卖血记》以单纯的叙事方式和对人类苦难经验的形而上思考受到读者的喜爱与肯定。2006年余华十年磨一剑的《兄弟》横空出世,粗鄙化的荒诞叙事、上下两部的出版形式引发巨大争议,读者市场的畅销与学术界的批评形成两极分化的矛盾现象。2013年出版的《第七天》又因大量新闻事件的堆砌遭遇了更猛烈的舆论冲击。一方面,这些创作转变所引发的争议成为值得关注的文学现象,另一方面,在风格转变的背后又留存着余华对历史、现实和人性的持续关注和深度思考,因而每一部都是“变”与“常”的结合。本论文主要从“文学的批判性与审美性”两个角度,借助文本细读法、比较分析法,着重探讨余华每一部长篇小说在主题内容和现实形式化手法方面的“变”与“常”,在论述的过程中结合纯文学在当代文化语境中的发展变迁,试图在丰富余华的作家作品研究同时,从侧面观照余华作品转变背后的启示和意义,进而探究当代文学普遍存在的困境。“从历史故事到现实书写:批判性的‘变’与‘常’”一章主要从文学批判性的角度切入余华的长篇小说创作,抓住人性、命运、现实几个关键词,结合纯文学相关的文化语境和理论批评,分析五部作品在表达对历史和现实的关注时呈现出的变化,说明余华作品显示出逐步贴近当下时代、批判功能愈加强化的创作趋向,这种变化不仅是作家对于当代纯文学发展现状的一种反思以及反思之后的转向,也是对当下文化语境对当代文学提出强调现实批判性的要求的一种回应,更体现出文化语境的变迁对作家创作带来的深刻影响。“现实感与文学性的融合:现实形式化的‘变’与‘常’”一章通过比较《活着》《许三观卖血记》《兄弟》《第七天》四部作品的现实形式化手法,从作品的审美性角度分析余华长篇小说现实感和文学性的来源,试图探究《兄弟》《第七天》两部作品文学性美感缺失的原因,并且进一步分析它们的文学性如何体现,余华在文学性与现实融合方面作出了哪些努力,这种努力遭遇到了怎样的难度。
[Abstract]:Yu Hua has been writing novels since 90s, His works have attracted the attention of readers and critics as soon as they were published. In 90s, "living" and "the Blood of Xu Sanguan" were loved by readers for their simple narrative style and metaphysical thinking of human suffering experience. In 2006, Yu Hua's "Brother", who had been grinding a sword for ten years, was born across the world. The vulgar absurd narration and the publishing form of the next two books have caused great controversy. The popularity of the reader market and the criticism of the academic circles form a polarizing phenomenon. On the one hand, the publication of "7th days" published in 2013 has been hit by even more violent public opinion because of a large number of news events. The controversy caused by these changes in creation has become a literary phenomenon worthy of attention. On the other hand, Yu Hua's sustained concern and deep reflection on history, reality and human nature remain behind the change of style. Therefore, each one is a combination of "change" and "Chang". This paper mainly from the "critical and aesthetic aspects of literature", with the help of text reading method, comparative analysis, This paper focuses on the "change" and "Chang" of each of Yu Hua's novels in the aspects of theme content and practical formalization, and combines the development and changes of pure literature in the contemporary cultural context in the process of discussion. At the same time of enriching Yu Hua's writers and works, the author tries to observe the enlightenment and significance behind the change of Yu Hua's works from the side. From the historical story to the realistic writing: critical 'change' and 'Chang', the chapter mainly cuts into Yu Hua's novel creation from the literary critical angle, grasps the human nature, the destiny, Several key words of reality, combined with the cultural context and theoretical criticism related to pure literature, are used to analyze the changes in the expression of concern for history and reality in the five works, which shows that Yu Hua's works show a gradual approach to the present era. This change is not only a reflection on the current situation of the development of contemporary pure literature, but also a turn after reflection. It is also a response to the requirement of emphasizing realistic criticism on contemporary literature in the current cultural context. It also reflects the profound influence of the change of the cultural context on the writer's creation. "the fusion of reality and literature: the formalized 'change' and 'Chang' of reality" chapter through a comparison of < alive > < Xu Sanguan's Bloodbook > < Brothers > < 7th. The practical formalization of the four works, From the aesthetic point of view of the works, this paper analyzes the sources of reality and literariness in Yu Hua's novels, tries to explore the reasons for the lack of literary aesthetic sense in the two works of "Brother" < 7th days >, and further analyzes how their literariness is embodied. What efforts Yu Hua has made in the integration of literature and reality, and how difficult this effort has been.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.425

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