清代才学小说是否构成一个小说类型

发布时间：2018-06-26 21:30

本文选题：新观念反思 + 小说学术史　；参考：《河北学刊》2017年06期

【摘要】：现代意义上的中国古代小说研究已有上百年的历史,经过几代学人的精耕细作,在小说作者、版本考证、文体与类型的探讨、文本的解读、小说史的编纂、小说理论的阐释等方面都取得了令人瞩目的成就。随着新的文献资料的发现,新的理论和方法的引进以及新的科技手段的运用,不但有新的学术领域和问题的出现,已有的学术结论也需要重新审视。本栏目将陆续推出几组论文,对小说观念、小说类型、小说批评、小说创作等问题进行深刻反思和深入探索。王齐洲教授的论文《〈汉书·艺文志〉与〈隋书·经籍志〉小说观念之比较》探讨了中国早期的小说观念,认为《汉志》和《隋志》虽不是文体分类,其中却有文体因子。二志都强调其所著录的小说作品提供了民情风俗和百姓对政教的意见,具有民间性、通俗性、琐碎性特点,但都没有强调故事性和虚构性,与现代小说观念颇有差异。傅承洲教授的《清代才学小说是否构成一个小说类型》对当下流行的才学小说类型概念提出了异议,认为从才学小说概念形成过程和小说类型构成要件的角度考察,《野叟曝言》、《囯史》、《燕山外史》和《镜花缘》四部小说并不能构成一个小说类型。四部小说从内容到形式均不相同,很难归入一类。炫才是文人创作小说的一种非常普遍的现象,不能成为小说类型的构成要件。几位学者都对古代小说的一些重要问题提出了新的看法,也许并不是定论,但定会对古代小说研究者有所启发,对古代小说与小说批评的研究有所推进。
[Abstract]:The study of ancient Chinese novels in the modern sense has a history of more than one hundred years. After several generations of scholars' intensive and meticulous works, the author of the novel, the textual research of the edition, the discussion of style and type, the interpretation of the text, the compilation of the history of the novel, Great achievements have been made in the interpretation of novel theory. With the discovery of new literature, the introduction of new theories and methods and the application of new scientific and technological means, there are not only new academic fields and problems, but also the existing academic conclusions need to be re-examined. This column will launch several series of papers one after another to deeply reflect on and explore the problems of novel concept, novel type, novel criticism, novel creation and so on. Professor Wang Qizhou's paper, "A comparison of the ideas of Art and Literature in Chinese calligraphy and Records of the Sui Dynasty", probes into the ideas of early Chinese novels, and holds that although "Han Zhi" and "Sui Zhi" are not stylistic classification, there are stylistic factors among them. Both of them emphasize that the novels they have written provide folk feelings and customs and people's opinions on politics and religion. They have the characteristics of folklore, popularity and triviality, but they do not emphasize the characteristics of stories and fictions, which are quite different from modern novel concepts. Professor Fu Chengzhou's "whether the Ching Dynasty Talent study Fiction constitutes a novel Type" disagrees with the popular concept of talent novel type at present. From the point of view of the formation process of the concept of the novel and the elements of the type of novel, it is concluded that the four novels, such as "the word of the Old Man", "the History of China", "the History of Yanshan" and "the Flower margin of Mirror", can not constitute a novel type. The four novels are different in content and form, so they are difficult to fall into one category. Dazzling is a very common phenomenon in literary fiction, and cannot be the constituent element of novel type. Several scholars have put forward some new views on some important problems of ancient novels, which may not be the final conclusion, but they will certainly enlighten the researchers of ancient novels and promote the study of ancient novels and their criticism.
【作者单位】：中央民族大学文学与新闻传播学院;
【分类号】：I207.41

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