生物实验教学中科学方法教育现状及策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 14:35

本文关键词：生物实验教学中科学方法教育现状及策略研究　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：重视实验教学和科学方法教育是中学生物新课程改革中提出的新要求。实验教学是中学生物教学的一种重要形式,也是进行科学方法教育的有效途径。通过查阅文献发现,以往对于科学方法教育的研究主要集中在理论领域,对教学实践的指导性不强。本研究旨在通过相关理论的探讨,归纳整理科学方法教育的理论依据;对初中教材进行分析,发现其在实验安排和科学方法渗透方面存在的不足,提出相应的建议;了解实验教学中科学方法教育的现状,分析存在的问题,提出合理建议;进而提出实验教学中进行科学方法教育的策略,通过典型案例为教学提供实践参考。本研究以教育学、心理学为理论基础,以实际调查和教材分析为依据,主要研究方法有文献法、内容分析法、问卷调查和案例分析方法。本文主体共分为六部分:第一部分,导论。主要阐述了研究背景、国内外研究现状、研究意义和本研究的方法及思路。第二部分,概述。通过查阅文献,明确了方法、科学方法、科学方法教育及实验教学的含义;针对本研究对科学方法进行了重新分类;阐述了科学方法教育的理论基础。第三部分,初中生物课标及教材分析。首先对新课程标准中关于实验和科学方法教育的要求进行了分析,然后分析了现行济南版初中生物教材中的实验数目和类型,继而分析了实验中渗透的科学方法。分析发现教材编排上存在实验安排不均衡、普适性不够等问题。第四部分,初中生物实验教学中科学方法教育现状调查。通过调查发现,目前实验教学及科学方法教育中主要存在着对科学方法知识的了解不全面,对科学方法教育的价值认识不清,实验教学形式化、省略化,科学方法的实际教学有待改进,教育体制改革亟待深入等问题。针对发现的问题提出合理化建议。第五部分,初中生物实验教学中科学方法教育实施策略。结合教材分析及调查研究,提出了讲解实验史实,渗透科学方法;组织学生实验,体验科学方法;呈现演示实验,传递科学方法;开展探究活动,形成科学方法;建构生物模型,领悟科学方法;倡导课外实践,充实科学方法等科学方法教育的有效实施策略。并结合济南版教材中的典型案例,对各项策略进行阐释和说明。第六部分,结论与反思。通过对以上研究的梳理和总结,得出了本研究的结论。对研究中的局限性进行了分析。
[Abstract]:The importance of education experimental teaching and scientific method is the new requirements of the new curriculum reform in high school biology. Experimental teaching is an important form of middle school biology teaching, but also an effective way to carry out education of scientific method. Through the review of the literature found that previous studies on scientific method education mainly concentrated in the theoretical field, guidance on teaching practice not strong. This study aims to discuss the related theory, the theoretical basis summed up the scientific method education of junior middle school; teaching materials for analysis, found its penetration in the shortcomings of the experimental arrangement and scientific methods, put forward the corresponding suggestions; to understand the status quo of scientific methods in the experimental teaching of education, analyzes the existing problems, put forward reasonable suggestions and then put forward the scientific method of education; experimental teaching strategy, through the typical case teaching to provide practical reference. In this study, education, psychology In theory, the practical investigation and analysis of teaching materials as the basis, the main research methods are literature method, content analysis method, questionnaire survey method and case analysis. This article is divided into six main parts: the first part is introduction. It mainly describes the research background, research status, research significance and methods of this research and ideas. The second part summarized. Through literature, the method, scientific method, scientific method education and teaching meaning; in view of the research reclassifies the scientific method; expounds the scientific method education theoretical foundation. The third part, analysis of the junior middle school biology curriculum and teaching materials. Firstly, requirements on education experiment and the scientific method in the new curriculum standard is analyzed, and then analyzed the experiment number and type of the Ji'nan in the junior high school biology textbooks, then analyzes the scientific method of penetration experiments. Points Analysis found that textbooks exist on the experimental arrangement is not balanced, the problem of universality is not enough. The fourth part, research on education status of scientific method of biological experiment teaching in junior high school. Through the survey, the current education experimental teaching and scientific methods mainly exist on the scientific method of knowledge is not comprehensive, the scientific method education value clearly, the form of experimental teaching, ellipsis, practical teaching of scientific method needs to be improved, the problem of education reform needs further development. In order to solve the problems and put forward reasonable suggestions. The fifth part, the implementation strategy of junior high school biology experiment teaching in the education of scientific methods. Combined with the analysis and investigation of teaching materials, put forward to explain the experimental facts, penetration scientific method; organize students to experiment, experience scientific methods; display experiments, transfer of scientific methods; to carry out exploration activities, the formation of scientific methods; biology model construction, Understand the scientific method; advocate the extracurricular practice, effective implementation of the strategy to enrich the scientific method and other scientific methods of education. Combined with the typical case of Ji'nan edition, interpretation and explanation of the strategy. The sixth part, conclusion and reflection and summary. Through reviewing the above research, draws the conclusion of this study. The limitations of the in the study were analyzed.

【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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