苏州市初中生物学实验教学现状调查及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 12:41

本文选题：初中生物学　切入点：实验教学　出处：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生物学是一门以实验为基础的科学,实验在生物学教学中占有重要地位。它不但可以帮助学生获得知识、掌握原理,更重要的是可以通过实验培养学生的探究能力、创新能力和科学素养。《生物课程标准》将提高和培养学生的科学素养、培养高素质的创新人才作为最终目标,将实验教学提到了改革的前言,明确了实验教学对于促进学生能力发展的重要作用。目前,苏州市有关初中生物学实验教学开展情况的研究资料较少,尚未见到此类调查研究的论文发表。本文以自编的调查表为研究工具,结合查阅文献资料、访谈等方法,针对苏州市初中生物学实验教学的现状进行了调查,并对教师基本情况,生物学实验室配备,实验员配备,实验开设情况,学校、教师、学生对生物学实验教学的态度等7个方面进行数据汇总和分析。结果表明,新课程实施以来,苏州市的生物学实验教学的设施、水平和方法有所提高,教师的教学观念有了很大转变。但同时也发现了问题和不足:第一,“中考”制度阻碍了生物学实验教学的正常开展;第二,学校的重视程度不够;第三,教师的教育观念、专业水平和师德素养需进一步提升;第四,实验室仪器设备、实验药品的匮乏;第五,实验员专业水平和人员配备有待提高;第六,部分学生的学习观存在偏差。根据调查结果,参照相关理论,提出了提高苏州市初中生物学实验教学的对策和建议,以使我市初中生物学实验教学达到新课程标准提出的要求,适应培养创新人才的需要。教育主管部门层面:改革考试与评价制度,提升生物学科的重要性;加强例行督查和飞行检查。学校层面:落实课程标准,确保基本实验开齐开足;优化生物学教师的配置,加强师资队伍建设;加快实验员队伍建设,规范实验员的聘任制度。教师层面:更新观念,认清形势,提高实验教学的积极性;加强业务学习,提高专业水平和操作技能;加强师德培养,认真履行教师职责;转变实验过程中的关注重点,倡导学生的自主探究和合作学习;多方式多角度全面评价学生。学生层面:让学生参与实验的时间和机会更充分;充分发挥合作学习的优势,实现学生的自我约束和管理;培训实验课小骨干。
[Abstract]:Biology is a science based on experiments, which plays an important role in biology teaching. It can not only help students acquire knowledge and master principles, but also cultivate students' ability to explore through experiments. Innovation ability and Scientific Literacy. "Biology Curriculum Standard" takes the improvement and cultivation of students' scientific literacy and the cultivation of high quality innovative talents as the ultimate goal, and puts the experimental teaching to the foreword of the reform. It is clear that experimental teaching plays an important role in promoting the development of students' ability. At present, there are few research materials on the development of biology experiment teaching in junior high school in Suzhou. This paper has not seen such a research paper published. Based on the self-made questionnaire as a research tool, combined with the methods of consulting literature, interviews and other methods, the present situation of biology experiment teaching in Suzhou junior middle school has been investigated. The data of teachers, biology laboratory equipment, laboratory staff, experiment opening, school, teachers and students' attitude towards biology experiment teaching are summarized and analyzed. The results show that, Since the implementation of the new curriculum, the facilities, level and methods of biological experimental teaching in Suzhou have been improved. The teaching concept of teachers has changed greatly. At the same time, problems and shortcomings have also been found: first, the system of "middle school examination" has hindered the normal development of biology experiment teaching; second, the school has not paid enough attention to it; third, teachers' educational concept, Professional level and teachers' moral quality need to be further improved; 4th, laboratory instruments and equipment, laboratory drugs are scarce; 5th, laboratory professional level and staffing need to be improved; 6th, According to the investigation results and referring to the relevant theories, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the biology experiment teaching in Suzhou junior high school, so as to make the biology experiment teaching in our city meet the requirements of the new curriculum standard. To meet the needs of training innovative talents. Education department level: reform the examination and evaluation system to enhance the importance of biology; strengthen routine inspection and flight inspection. School level: implement curriculum standards to ensure that basic experiments are in full swing; Optimize the configuration of biology teachers, strengthen the construction of teaching staff, speed up the construction of laboratory staff, standardize the appointment system of experimenters, renew the concept, recognize the situation, improve the enthusiasm of experimental teaching, strengthen the professional study, Improve the professional level and operational skills, strengthen the cultivation of teachers' ethics, conscientiously perform the duties of teachers, change the focus of attention in the process of experiment, advocate students' independent inquiry and cooperative learning; Student level: let students participate in the experiment time and opportunity more fully, give full play to the advantages of cooperative learning, realize students' self-restraint and management, and train the backbone of experimental class.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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