高考背景下的高中作文命题研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 12:41

本文选题：高考 + 高中作文　；参考：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在作文教学中,作文命题始终处于首要地位。作文命题的水平直接影响着作文教学的质量,同时作文教学质量又决定着学生作文的水平。因此,作文命题的重要性十分突出。由于高考作文命题具有导向性,它在很大程度上影响着高中作文命题的方式,所以二者关系十分密切。在作文教学中,学生写什么以及如何去写,这些问题在一定程度上是由作文命题来决定的。多年来,我国在作文教学命题上积累了许多丰富而宝贵的经验,但也存在着许多不容忽视的问题,因此对于作文命题的研究就显得尤为重要。笔者查阅了大量资料,通过对国内外作文命题的分析,感到目前我国在一线高中语文作文教学中对作文命题的重要性认识不清,研究不够,存在着很多随意性,还没有形成完整而科学的体系。由于高考作文命题对于高中作文命题具有导向性,所以本文立足于分析国内高考作文命题的现状,针对作文命题的不足,最终提出自己的建议。具体概括如下:绪论部分,主要阐述本文写作的缘起、意义及研究方法。第一章,概述了国内外作文命题的方式。首先,选取比较具有代表性的国家包括美国、法国、德国和日本的作文命题方式进行分析。其次,选取1978年恢复高考后,我国高考中三种主要的命题方式:命题作文、话题作文以及材料作文,对国内的作文命题方式进行分析研究。第二章,主要阐述高中语文作文教学中命题不足。发现存在着一些问题:首先是由于命题的随意性导致了学生写作兴趣不浓;其次是作文命题注重高考,缺乏实用文体的训练;第三是命题思辨性和哲理性不浓;第四是突出强调教师的主导地位,弱化了学生的主体地位。第三章,通过深入分析目前我国作文教学命题环节存在的问题以及借鉴国外的成功经验,提出如何构建科学的高中语文作文命题策略,也即本文的结论:首先是以课标为纲注重各类文体的综合训练;其次是兼顾命题中辩证性思维与哲理性意识;第三是教师命题尊重学生心理及思维发展规律;第四,转变教学观念,提高教师素质;最后,发挥联合命题的作用使命题方式多样化。总之,通过对国内外高中语文命题的比较研究,以及对国内的问题现状的研究,笔者提出了一些看法,希望能给一线教师一些启迪以及帮助。
[Abstract]:In composition teaching, composition proposition is always in the primary position. The level of composition proposition directly affects the quality of composition teaching, and at the same time, the quality of composition teaching determines the level of students' composition. Therefore, the importance of composition proposition is very prominent. Because the composition proposition of the college entrance examination has the orientation, it affects the way of the composition proposition of the senior high school to a great extent, so the relationship between them is very close. In composition teaching, what students write and how to write, to some extent, are determined by composition proposition. Over the years, our country has accumulated a lot of rich and valuable experience in composition teaching, but there are also many problems that can not be ignored, so the study of composition proposition is particularly important. The author has consulted a lot of materials, and through the analysis of the composition proposition at home and abroad, I feel that the importance of composition proposition is not clear, the research is not enough, and there is a lot of arbitrariness in the Chinese composition teaching of senior high school in our country at present. A complete and scientific system has not yet been formed. Because the college entrance examination composition proposition has the guidance to the senior high school composition proposition, therefore this article bases on the analysis domestic university entrance examination composition proposition present situation, in view of the composition proposition insufficiency, finally puts forward own proposal. The specific summary is as follows: introduction part, mainly expounds the origin, significance and research method of this article. In the first chapter, the author summarizes the way of composition proposition at home and abroad. First of all, the thesis analyzes the representative countries, including the United States, France, Germany and Japan. Secondly, after resuming the college entrance examination in 1978, there are three main propositions in the college entrance examination in our country: propositional composition, topic composition and material composition. The second chapter, mainly expounds the high school Chinese composition teaching the proposition insufficiency. It is found that there are some problems: firstly, the students' interest in writing is not strong due to the randomness of the proposition; secondly, the composition proposition pays attention to the college entrance examination and lacks the training of practical style; the third, the proposition is speculative and philosophical; The fourth is to emphasize the dominant position of teachers and weaken the main position of students. The third chapter, through the in-depth analysis of the problems existing in the propositional link of composition teaching in our country and the successful experience of foreign countries, puts forward how to construct the scientific strategy of Chinese composition propositions in senior high school. That is to say, the conclusion of this paper is: first, to pay attention to the comprehensive training of all kinds of stylistic style based on the curriculum standard; secondly, to give consideration to dialectical thinking and philosophical consciousness in the proposition; third, to respect the students' psychology and the law of thinking development; fourth, to pay attention to the development of students' psychology and thinking. To change teaching concept and improve teachers' quality; finally, to exert the function of joint proposition to diversify the way of proposition. In a word, through the comparative study of Chinese propositions at home and abroad, as well as the research on the current situation of domestic problems, the author puts forward some views, hoping to give some enlightenment and help to front-line teachers.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.34

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