父母元情绪理念与儿童情绪调节策略的关系：教养方式的中介作用

发布时间：2018-05-28 16:28

本文选题：父母元情绪理念 + 父母教养方式　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：父母是孩子的第一任老师,也是孩子在情绪调节时学习模仿的主要对象。国内外的研究都表明父母对儿童情绪的调节和发展都有着密切的关系。本研究旨在探讨父母元情绪理念和儿童情绪调节策略的关系,并探索父母教养方式在其中所起的作用。本研究选取上海市某九年制义务教育学校,从三年级开始到九年级,每个年级随机抽取2个班级,共550名学生及其家长作为问卷调查的对象。通过家长自我报告的问卷调查方式来测量父母的元情绪理念,通过儿童报告的方式测量父母的教养方式和情绪调节策略。研究结果发现:1)父母元情绪理念受到自身性别、学历水平和独生子女等自身变量的影响。主要表现在母亲在教导型理念上明显高于父亲。本科以上学历家长在失控型理念上明显低于本科以下学历家长。独生子女家长在忽视型理念上显著低于非独生子女家长。2)父母元情绪理念受到儿童性别、年龄、独生子女的影响。主要表现在男孩父母的忽视型和摒除型元情绪理念显著高于女孩父母;小学生父母在摒除型元情绪理念上显著高于初中生父母;非独生子女的父母在忽视型元情绪理念显著高于独生子女。3)情绪调节策略受到儿童年龄、性别影响。高年级儿童面对负性情绪时会更多地采用减弱调节策略(认知重评、表达抑制)。男生面对负性情绪时比女生更多使用增强调节策略(认知沉浸、表达宣泄)。4)父母教养方式受到儿童年龄、性别的影响。主要表现在小学父母的积极教养方式显著低于初中父母,小学父母的消极教养方式显著高于初中父母;男生父母的消极教养方式显著高于女生父母。5)父母教养方式在父母元情绪理念与儿童情绪调节策略之间起到中介作用。面对正性情绪时,教导型父母元情绪理念以父母积极教养的方式影响到儿童正性情绪调节策略。失控、忽视和摒除型父母元情绪理念以父母消极教养的方式影响到儿童正性情绪调节策略。面对负性情绪时,教导型父母元情绪理念会以父母积极教养方式影响到儿童负性情绪减弱调节策略(认知重评和表达抑制)。而母亲的失控、忽视、摒除型元情绪理念会以母亲消极教养方式影响到儿童负性情绪增强调节(认知沉浸和表达宣泄)。
[Abstract]:Parents are the first teacher of their children, and the main object of learning to imitate when they adjust their emotions. Studies at home and abroad show that parents are closely related to children's emotional regulation and development. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between parental meta-emotional concepts and children's emotional regulation strategies, and to explore the role of parental rearing styles. In this study, a nine-year compulsory education school in Shanghai was selected from the third grade to the ninth grade. Two classes were randomly selected from each grade. A total of 550 students and their parents were selected as the subjects of the questionnaire. Parents' meta-emotional concept was measured by self-report questionnaire, parental rearing style and emotional adjustment strategy were measured by children's report. The results showed that the parents' meta-emotional concept was influenced by their own gender, educational level and only child. The main manifestation is that the mother is obviously higher than the father in the teaching concept. Parents with bachelor's degree or above are obviously lower than those with less than undergraduate education in the concept of losing control. Only child parents in neglect concept is significantly lower than that of non-only child parents. 2) parental meta-emotional concept is affected by children's gender, age, and only child. The primary school students' parents were significantly higher than the junior high school parents in the idea of excluding the type of meta-emotion. The main expression was that the boys' parents were significantly higher than the girls' parents in the concept of neglect and exclusion meta emotion. The emotional regulation strategies of non-only child parents were significantly higher than that of only-child. 3) the age and sex of the children affected them. In the face of negative emotion, senior children tend to adopt the strategy of abatement regulation (cognitive reappraisal, expression inhibition). Boys are more likely to use enhanced adjustment strategies (cognitive immersion, expression catharsis) than girls when facing negative emotions. Parental rearing styles are influenced by children's age and gender. The main manifestation is that the positive rearing style of primary school parents is significantly lower than that of junior middle school parents, and the negative rearing style of primary school parents is significantly higher than that of junior middle school parents. The negative parenting style of male parents is significantly higher than that of female parents. 5) Parental rearing style plays an intermediary role between parental meta-emotional concept and children's emotional regulation strategies. In the face of positive emotions, pedagogical parental meta-emotional concepts affect children's positive emotional regulation strategies in the way of positive parenting. Out of control, neglect and exclusion of parental meta-emotional concepts affect children's positive emotional regulation strategies in the way of parents' negative upbringing. In the face of negative emotion, the pedagogical parental meta-emotional concept will influence children's negative emotion weakening regulation strategies (cognitive re-evaluation and expression inhibition) in a positive parenting manner. However, the mother's out of control, neglect, and elimination of the meta emotional concept will affect the negative emotional enhancement and regulation (cognitive immersion and expression of catharsis) in the mother's negative rearing style.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G78;B842.6

【参考文献】