基于城乡一体化的新型职业农民培育研究

发布时间：2019-05-29 20:34

【摘要】：随着我国现代化和城市化的发展,国家提出城乡一体化发展战略。城乡发展一体化是解决“三农”问题的根本途径,而农业现代化是衡量城乡一体化的标准。但是,传统农业无法有力支持城乡一体化发展,无法满足现代社会发展对农产品供给的要求,所以实现农业现代化成为我国经济发展的重中之重。要充分实现农业现代化,拥有高素质的农业人才是关键。目前,我国农村缺少实用型人才,农村劳动力素质不高,涉农专业学生“跳农门”意愿强烈,长此以往,将导致我国缺乏优秀的农业后继人才,这将严重影响我国农业现代化进程,为了解决农民素质与农业现代化发展之间的矛盾,2012年,中央“一号文件”首次提出“培育新型职业农民”。在全国各地培育新型职业农民的实践中,河北省中等职业学校面向农村送教下乡模式取得了较大成效。本文选择了河北省几个典型的县市为调查对象,通过实地调研,分析了当前新型职业农民培育过程中的问题,针对其问题提出相应的对策,希望能对我国新型职业农民的培育提供可参考的经验和意见。本文一共分五章。第一章以城乡一体化发展趋势的背景下,我国农村实用型人才缺乏,农村“空心化”,农民素质与现代农业发展之间的矛盾为着眼点进行论述,阐述了本文的研究背景和意义,对国内外研究新型职业农民的理论进行了综述,并提出了本论文的研究内容、研究方法和技术路线。第二章论述了城乡一体化与新型职业农民培育的相关概念。首先论述了城乡一体化的概念,归纳提出了城乡一体化与现代农业、农村职业教育以及新型职业农民之间的关系,然后提出了基于城乡一体化的新型职业农民的概念,最后提出了城乡一体化发展趋势背景下,新型职业农民培育的概念,指出了新型职业农民培育与农民培训的不同,明确了新型职业农民培育的特殊性。第三章通过对河北省中等职业学校面向农村送教下乡的培育模式和河北省部分中等职业学校涉农专业进行调研分析,指出当前新型职业农民培育中存在的问题,并对问题原因进行了深入分析。第四章结合城乡一体化发展,提出了符合时代特征的新型职业农民培育的优化对策：明确政府责任,创造新型职业农民产生与发展的良好环境；借鉴国外经验,完善职业农民培育法律法规；推进职业教育涉农专业发展；创新完善新型职业农民培育方式。第五章总结全文。
[Abstract]:With the development of modernization and urbanization in China, the state puts forward the development strategy of urban-rural integration. The integration of urban and rural development is the fundamental way to solve the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and agricultural modernization is the standard to measure the integration of urban and rural areas. However, traditional agriculture can not effectively support the integrated development of urban and rural areas, and can not meet the requirements of modern social development for the supply of agricultural products, so the realization of agricultural modernization has become the most important thing in China's economic development. In order to fully realize agricultural modernization, it is the key to have high-quality agricultural talents. At present, there is a lack of practical talents in rural areas of our country, the quality of rural labor force is not high, and the students majoring in agriculture are willing to "jump from agriculture". In the long run, there will be a lack of excellent agricultural successors in our country. This will seriously affect the process of agricultural modernization in China. In order to solve the contradiction between the quality of farmers and the development of agricultural modernization, in 2012, the "No. 1 document" of the central government put forward "cultivating new professional farmers" for the first time. In the practice of cultivating new vocational farmers all over the country, Hebei secondary vocational schools have made great achievements in sending teaching to the countryside. This paper selects several typical counties and cities in Hebei Province as the object of investigation, analyzes the problems in the process of cultivating new professional farmers through field investigation, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures for their problems. It is hoped that it can provide reference experience and suggestions for the cultivation of new professional farmers in China. This paper is divided into five chapters. Under the background of the development trend of urban-rural integration, the first chapter discusses the shortage of practical talents in rural areas, the "hollowing" in rural areas, the contradiction between farmers' quality and the development of modern agriculture, and expounds the research background and significance of this paper. This paper summarizes the research theory of new professional farmers at home and abroad, and puts forward the research content, research methods and technical route of this paper. The second chapter discusses the related concepts of urban-rural integration and the cultivation of new professional farmers. This paper first discusses the concept of urban-rural integration, sums up the relationship between urban-rural integration and modern agriculture, rural vocational education and new professional farmers, and then puts forward the concept of new professional farmers based on urban-rural integration. Finally, under the background of the development trend of urban-rural integration, this paper puts forward the concept of cultivating new professional farmers, points out the difference between the cultivation of new professional farmers and the training of farmers, and clarifies the particularity of the cultivation of new professional farmers. The third chapter points out the problems existing in the cultivation of new vocational farmers through the investigation and analysis of the cultivation mode of secondary vocational schools in Hebei Province and the agriculture-related specialties of some secondary vocational schools in Hebei Province. The causes of the problems are analyzed in depth. The fourth chapter, combined with the integrated development of urban and rural areas, puts forward the optimization countermeasures for the cultivation of new professional farmers in accordance with the characteristics of the times: defining the responsibility of the government and creating a good environment for the emergence and development of new professional farmers; Learn from the experience of foreign countries, improve the laws and regulations of professional farmers; promote the development of vocational education agriculture-related specialty; innovate and improve the new professional farmers training methods. The fifth chapter summarizes the full text.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G725

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