“否则”和“要不”的对比研究及对外汉语教学策略

发布时间：2018-02-10 03:50

本文关键词： 否则要不语法化偏误　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文通过对近义连词“否则”和“要不”的多角度分析，找出二者在语法化、语义、句法及语用上的差别，并针对留学生产生的偏误，在对外汉语教学上给出教学建议。全文由八个部分组成：一、绪论。主要介绍选题原因、选题的意义、语料来源、研究综述及本文的创新之处。二、“否则”和“要不”语法化过程的对比。此部分通过分析“否则”和“要不”的语法化过程，总结二者在语法化过程中的不同，并发现“否则”已基本完成语法化，趋于稳定，而“要不”仍不稳定，还处于语法化过程中。三、二者在语义平面，也就是义项上的差异。笔者通过汉语教材以及工具书对二者的解释，来验证已给出义项的准确性,然后对缺失的义项进行补充。主要证明“否则”的“选择义”已经不明显。而“要不”除了“假设义”和“选择义”以外，还应该补充上“建议义”及“推论义”，并证明其重要性。四、二者在句法平面上的差异。义项上的不同，造成二者在句法上的差异。“否则”部分主要说明S1和S2的关系，而“要不”部分则主要说明不同义项有不同句法形式。并发现只有表“假设义”的“要不”才可以和“否则”相互替换。五、二者在语用平面上的差异。这一部分主要从礼貌原则和语体两方面进行对比分析，此部分的应用性很强。六、通过HSK动态作文语料库以及笔者的教学经验，，总结二者偏误的类型，并分析偏误产生的原因。七、教学建议。根据上一部分对偏误类型及偏误产生原因的归纳，给出合理的教学建议，提出简单的教学设计。八、结语。此部分主要指出本文的研究结果和存在的不足之处，以及对后续研究的展望。
[Abstract]:Through the multi-angle analysis of "otherwise" and "no", this paper finds out the differences between them in grammaticalization, semantics, syntax and pragmatics, and puts forward some teaching suggestions on teaching Chinese as a foreign language in view of the errors caused by foreign students. The full text consists of eight parts:. The main contents are as follows: 1. Introduction. It mainly introduces the reason of selecting the topic, the significance of the topic, the source of the corpus, the summary of the research and the innovation of this paper. Second, the comparison between the grammaticalization process of "otherwise" and "otherwise". By analyzing the grammaticalization process of "otherwise" and "no", this part sums up the differences between them in the process of grammaticalization, and finds that "otherwise" has basically completed grammaticalization. Tend to be stable, and "otherwise" is still unstable, still in the process of grammaticalization. Third, the differences between the two in the semantic plane, that is, the meaning. The author verifies the accuracy of the given meaning through the interpretation of the two in Chinese textbooks and reference books. Then the missing meaning is supplemented. The main proof is that the "choice meaning" of "otherwise" is no longer obvious. And "otherwise" except for "hypothetical meaning" and "choice meaning", It should be added to the "suggestion" and "inferential meaning" and prove its importance. Fourth, the differences between the two in the syntactic plane, and the differences in the meanings, which result in the syntactic differences between the two. The "otherwise" part mainly explains the relationship between S1 and S2, The "either" part mainly explains that different meanings have different syntactic forms, and finds that only the "no" of "hypothetical meaning" can be replaced with "otherwise". Fifth, the differences between the two in the pragmatic plane, this part mainly from the politeness principle and the style two aspects carries on the contrast analysis, this part is very strong application. Sixth, through the HSK dynamic composition corpus and the author's teaching experience, the author summarizes the types of errors, and analyzes the causes of the errors. According to the induction of the types and causes of errors in the previous part, reasonable teaching suggestions are given and a simple teaching design is put forward. Conclusion. This part mainly points out the research results and shortcomings of this paper, as well as the prospects for future research.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H195.3

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