中高级阶段汉语学习者介词的使用情况分析及教学对策研究

发布时间：2018-11-19 19:59

【摘要】： 鉴于现阶段国内对外汉语介词的分国别教学并不太普遍,本文对各国中高级阶段汉语学习者介词的使用和掌握情况都进行了调查和分析。首先,按照《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中涉及的57个介词对语料进行加工,得出涉及这些介词的偏误,再根据计算偏误率和使用率总结了中高级阶段汉语学习者介词使用的基本情况,得出使用率同时偏误率都比较高的介词为:为了,为,从,随着,关于,把,给,以,比,被,对,在,向,对于。这14个介词也可以说是中高级阶段留学生经常使用并经常犯错的介词。笔者将上述十四介词的错句分别进行了分类,并概括了每个介词偏误的类型,选取每个介词最主要的偏误类型进行分析,并据此将中高级阶段留学生使用介词时所犯的偏误归为四类:位置问题,比如“在”和“从”引导的状语从句放在句首还是句中等等;搭配问题,比如该不该用“而”等等;近义介词误用问题,比如“为了”和“为”等等;该不该用介词问题,比如该不该用“向”将宾语提前等等。最后我们简要分析了偏误的原因并在此基础上提出相应策略。
[Abstract]:In view of the fact that the teaching of prepositions in Chinese as a foreign language is not very common in China at present, this paper makes an investigation and analysis on the use and mastery of prepositions of Chinese learners at the intermediate and advanced stages in various countries. First of all, according to the 57 prepositions involved in the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters, the errors related to these prepositions are obtained. Then, according to the calculation error rate and the usage rate, this paper summarizes the basic situation of prepositions used by middle and advanced stage Chinese learners, and concludes that the prepositions with higher usage rate and higher error rate are: in order to, from, with regard to, give, compare, be, Yes, in, toward, to. These 14 prepositions can also be said to be prepositions frequently used and erred by foreign students at middle and higher levels. The author classifies the wrong sentences of the above 14 prepositions, generalizes the types of preposition errors, and selects the most important types of prepositions to analyze. According to this, the errors made by foreign students at middle and advanced stage in using prepositions are classified into four categories: position problems, such as "Ze" and "Zou" guiding adverbial clauses in the beginning of the sentence or in the sentence, and so on; Collocation questions, such as whether or not to use "and" etc.; the misuse of synonymous prepositions such as "for" and "for" and so on; and whether or not to use prepositions, such as "to" in advance of objects and so on. Finally, we briefly analyze the causes of errors and put forward corresponding strategies on this basis.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H195

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