汉语交际文化与对外汉语语法教学

发布时间：2018-12-20 08:37

【摘要】：汉语交际文化是蕴含在汉语交际中的汉民族思维方式、心理状态、价值观念、是非观念、道德观念、为人准则、审美情趣等等的文化因素。汉语词汇系统和语法系统都蕴含着这种文化因素。但语法中蕴含的汉民族交际文化却未引起对外汉语教学界的足够重视。故本文初探对外汉语教学中 ,由于留学生本民族交际文化与汉民族交际文化的差异而产生的语法教学难点 :一、某些句式中特定虚词的有无 ;二、动词重叠或动词后跟“一下” ;三、语序的运用 :四、趋向动词“来”“去”的运用 ;五、两种句式兼容 ;六、同一个词表达两种语法意义 ;七、特定的动词带特定的宾语 ;八、传统的文学创作手法运用在分句之间的逻辑关联上———汉语的这些语法手段和形式在交际中传递的汉文化信息与留学生本民族文化的差异 ,加大了他们学习汉语的难度。教学中为他们消除这些难点 ,才能使他们学好用好汉语。
[Abstract]:Chinese communicative culture is the cultural factor of Chinese national thinking mode, psychological state, value concept, right and wrong idea, moral idea, human standard, aesthetic interest and so on. Both the lexical and grammatical systems of Chinese contain such cultural factors. However, the culture of Chinese communication contained in grammar has not been paid enough attention to in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Therefore, in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, there are some difficulties in grammar teaching because of the difference between the national communication culture of foreign students and the Chinese national communication culture: first, the existence or absence of specific function words in some sentence patterns; Second, verb overlap or verb followed by "once"; third, the use of word order: fourth, the use of tend verb "come" go "; five, two sentence patterns compatible; six, the same word to express two grammatical meanings; Seven, the specific verb with a specific object; 8. The traditional literary creation techniques are used in the logical connection between clauses-the differences between the Chinese cultural information transmitted in the communication between these grammatical means and forms of Chinese and the national culture of the foreign students. It makes it harder for them to learn Chinese. Only by eliminating these difficulties in teaching can they learn to use Chinese well.
【作者单位】：西南民族学院中文系!四川成都610064
【分类号】：H0;H195

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