胡适的高等教育观及其意义

发布时间：2018-03-14 06:22

本文选题：胡适　切入点：高等教育思想观　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：适之先生是我国近现代闻名遐迩的大家,同样是成果斐然的教育学家。曾担任北京大学的要职,并亲自制定和参加了诸多教育项目,同时也有许多教育领域的研究与撰写,特别是在高等教育领域,攒聚了丰硕的教育实践履历,创建了具有特殊见识的教育理念和思想。本文意从适之先生对于高等教育理念思想与践行管理来层层论述,深入探析琢磨高等教育的目的和意义、高教院系的教学活动和科研经管、以及留学活动与女子教学的价值和经验等,经由价值观、治学观和办学观多个维度来阐明适之先生的高等教育理念与思想。即使适之先生有众多职位,涉猎范畴又非常宽广,但其最基础的是以教育为职务,并长时间任职于高教职位,他在教育文化事业上获得丰硕卓越的成果,特别在高教领域上功绩斐然。同时先生也是一位文化大师,新文化运动开展以后,他的思想观念兼采中外特长,在教育文化范畴开辟创新,立异鲜明。适之先生任职北京大学大教务处长、北京大学文学院院长、校长等,为提倡自由科研的精力,为增强北京大学科研水准做了诸多努力。在持久的高教实践管理经历中,他不但成果丰硕,并且逐步酿成了相对有层次和概念化的高等教育理念,对日后中国近现代教育制度的确立与发展奠定了不可埋没的历史贡献。适之先生积极主张科学实践教育救国,其宗旨是要培育各类高素养的专业精英。适之先生倡导门生要多求知,看重治学与科研的要领,倡导治学与研究互相浸透。因为特殊的自身生长履历,他极力驳斥专政的教学观念,鼓励女性自主,推崇创设男女同校的学校轨制。先生严厉批判留学中的众众弊端,提议“当以不留学为目的”,应当变革出国求知的方式。还有,适之先生也是资深的教育实践者,积极参加教育管理法制的研究,倡导教育的独立性,着手提升教职工的工资福利。众众举措陶然着危如累卵中的我国教育事业,积极倡导与全球领先国家教育理念相对接,为当时高等教育的发育和成长奠定了历史性的意义。
[Abstract]:Mr. Aizhi is one of the most famous people in modern and modern China, as well as an educationist with great achievements. He has held an important position in Peking University, and has personally worked out and participated in many educational projects, and has also written many research and articles in the field of education. Especially in the field of higher education, we have accumulated rich experience in educational practice and created educational ideas and ideas with special insight. Deeply exploring the purpose and significance of higher education, the teaching activities and scientific research management of higher education departments, and the value and experience of studying abroad and women's teaching, etc., through values, The view of scholarship and the view of running a school have many dimensions to clarify the idea and thought of higher education of the appropriate gentleman. Even though he has many positions and a very broad range of fields, the most basic is to take education as his duty and to hold a post in higher education for a long time. He has made great achievements in the field of education and culture, especially in the field of higher education. At the same time, he is also a master of culture. To open up innovations in the field of education and culture, and to have a distinct innovation. In order to promote free scientific research, Mr. appropriate served as head of the Department of academic Affairs of Peking University, dean and president of the School of Arts of Peking University, and so on. In order to enhance the scientific research level of Peking University, he has made many efforts. In his long-lasting experience of practical management of higher education, he has not only achieved fruitful results, but also gradually developed into a relatively hierarchical and conceptual concept of higher education. He made an indelible historical contribution to the establishment and development of China's modern and modern educational system. Its purpose is to cultivate all kinds of highly qualified professional elites. Mr. appropriate urged students to seek more knowledge, attach importance to the essentials of academic and scientific research, and advocate that learning and research be permeated with each other. Because of their special growth history, He strongly refuted the teaching concept of dictatorship, encouraged women to be independent, and advocated the establishment of a co-educational school system. He severely criticized the many malpractices in studying abroad, and suggested that "the goal of not studying abroad" should be to change the way to study abroad for knowledge. He is also a senior educational practitioner who actively participates in the study of the legal system of education management, advocates the independence of education, and begins to promote the wage and welfare of the teaching staff. Actively advocating and connecting with the educational concept of the world's leading countries laid a historic significance for the development and growth of higher education at that time.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G640

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