“科学方法”输入后的中国现代史学之走向

发布时间：2018-04-15 16:06

本文选题：科学方法 + 现代史学　；参考：《学术月刊》2008年03期

【摘要】：胡适等人倡导的"科学方法"对中国现代史学的影响深远,它不独在"拉近"传统学术与西方现代科学的心理差距、扩大现代科学方法的感召力、吸引学术界更多人士自觉接受现代逻辑方法与科学理性精神的洗礼等方面起到了有力的推动作用,更值得重视的是,它提示的现代人文学术研究参照自然科学的成功经验、注重外延性拓展的新思路,由此直接开启了从北京大学国学门、中山大学语言历史研究所到中央研究院历史语言研究所倡导的重视田野考察和现代多学科交叉研究的史学发展新路径。但是,也应当看到,这一现代史学建构路线理论上也存在一些弱点:一是混淆了自然科学和人文科学的界限,特别是把"近代史学"的工作范围牢牢框定在史料学的领域,以致限制了历史视野及其研究事业的合理拓展;二是模糊了传统考据学(朴学)方法与现代科学方法的区别,这在一定程度上又削弱了学术界对传统方法的自觉改造和更新意识。
[Abstract]:The "scientific method" advocated by Hu Shi and others has a profound influence on Chinese modern history. It is not only "narrowing" the psychological gap between traditional learning and western modern science, but also expanding the appeal of modern scientific methods.Attracting more people in academic circles to accept the baptism of modern logical methods and the spirit of scientific rationality has played a powerful role in promoting it. What is more worthy of attention is that the modern humanities academic research that it suggests refers to the successful experience of natural science.By paying attention to the new thinking of extraductive development, this has directly opened the door of Chinese culture from Peking University.The Institute of language and History of Sun Yat-sen University and the Institute of Historical and linguistic Studies of Academia Sinica advocate a new way to develop historiography.However, it should also be noted that there are some weaknesses in the theory of the construction line of modern historiography: first, it confuses the boundary between natural science and humanities, especially by firmly setting the scope of the work of "modern historiography" in the field of historical materials.As a result, the historical field of vision and the reasonable expansion of its research cause are limited; second, the distinction between the traditional textual research (simple science) method and the modern scientific method is blurred.To a certain extent, it weakens the consciousness of the academic circles to reform and renew the traditional methods.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所/历史学系;
【分类号】：K092

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