清末民国中国乡村义务教育供给的制度分析与启示

发布时间：2019-04-07 20:49

【摘要】：清末民国时期义务教育在乡村的推行不力与供给制度安排有密切关系。由于内忧外患等主客观原因,政府缺乏在乡村大力普及义务教育的动力和物质基础,不得不把发展乡村义务教育的责任转嫁给民间社会。乡村传统士绅阶层的衰落和分化不仅使原来乡村的教育供给结构遭到破坏,而且导致新式教育的推行成为一种可以赢利的事业,也阻碍了义务教育的发展。乡村民众既缺乏接受新式教育的意愿,也缺乏接受新式教育的能力,造成新旧教育的碰撞交锋,新式教育发展缓慢。这些因素共同决定了清末民国时期乡村义务教育的推行失败,其中的经验教训及体现出的制度设计原理,对当前所进行的城乡教育一体化制度建设具有重大的启示意义。
[Abstract]:The implementation of compulsory education in rural areas in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China was closely related to the arrangement of supply system. Due to the subjective and objective reasons, such as internal and external troubles, the government lacks the motivation and material basis to popularize compulsory education in rural areas, so the responsibility of developing rural compulsory education has to be passed on to civil society. The decline and differentiation of the traditional gentry in the countryside not only destroyed the educational supply structure of the original countryside, but also led to the implementation of the new education as a profitable cause and hindered the development of compulsory education. The rural people lack both the will and the ability to receive the new education, which leads to the collision between the old and the new education, and the development of the new education is slow. These factors together determine the failure of the implementation of rural compulsory education in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. The experiences and lessons and the principles of system design are of great significance to the current construction of the urban and rural education integration system.
【作者单位】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地东北师范大学农村教育研究所;
【基金】：2013年教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“城镇化背景下我国义务教育改革和发展机制研究”[13JZD043] 全国教育科学“十二五”规划2013年度教育部青年专项课题“农村义务教育阶段不合格教师退出机制与保障政策研究”[EFA130384]
【分类号】：G529

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