大学生创业心理资本的特点及其与创业意向的关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 02:12

本文关键词：大学生创业心理资本的特点及其与创业意向的关系研究　出处：《中国地质大学（北京）》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：心理资本是积极组织行为学的核心构念，是指个体在成长和发展过程中表现出来的一种积极心理状态，包括自我效能感、乐观、希望和韧性。心理资本能够对个体在组织中的工作态度、行为产生影响，并最终影响组织绩效。创业心理资本是心理资本理论在创业研究中的应用，它是由个体在创业活动中所表现出的一些积极心理能力所组成的综合性的构念。党的十七大提出了“实施扩大就业的发展战略，促进以创业带动就业”的方针，国家和各级政府都出台了很多针对创业者、特别是大学生创业者的创业优惠政策。对大学生创业者的研究先前多集中在人口统计学因素、人格特质等比较难以改变的影响因素上，对影响大学生创业的状态类的心理因素的研究则很少。本研究采用整群抽样的方法，修订出《创业心理资本问卷》，并进一步探讨了创业心理资本的现状特点及其与创业意向之间的关系。研究结果如下：（1）创业心理资本包含四个维度，分别是：创业自我效能、乐观、希望和韧性。修订后的创业心理资本问卷共22条目，按照心理测量学的标准对问卷进行了内部一致性信度和结构效度的检验，结果显示《创业心理资本问卷》具有良好的信、效度，，可以作为创业心理资本测量的工具。（2）大学生的创业心理资本总体处于中等偏上水平，创业心理资本的各维度的得分从高到低依次是乐观、希望、韧性和自我效能。不同性别的大学生的创业心理资本没有显著差异。理工科学生的创业心理资本及其各维度得分显著高于文科学生。（3）创业心理资本能够正向预测创业意向，并且创业心理资本的预测力好于创业自我效能、乐观、希望或韧性任一维度单独的预测力。表明创业心理资本作为高阶核心构念对于预测创业意向具有更好的作用。
[Abstract]:Psychological capital is the core of positive organizational behavior, refers to the individual in the process of growth and development of a positive psychological state, including self-efficacy, optimism. Hope and toughness. Psychological capital can affect individual work attitude and behavior in the organization, and ultimately affect organizational performance. Venture psychological capital is the application of psychological capital theory in entrepreneurial research. It is a comprehensive idea composed of some positive psychological abilities of individuals in entrepreneurial activities. The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the policy of "carrying out the development strategy of expanding employment and promoting employment by entrepreneurship". The state and governments at all levels have issued a lot of entrepreneurial preferential policies for entrepreneurs, especially university entrepreneurs. The research on university entrepreneurs has focused on demographic factors. Personality traits and other more difficult to change the impact of factors, there are few psychological factors affecting the state of entrepreneurship of college students. This study adopted cluster sampling method, revised the "Entrepreneurial Psychological Capital questionnaire". Furthermore, it discusses the current characteristics of entrepreneurial psychological capital and its relationship with entrepreneurial intention. The results are as follows: Entrepreneurial psychological capital includes four dimensions: entrepreneurial self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resilience. The revised questionnaire on entrepreneurial psychological capital consists of 22 items. According to the standard of psychometrics, the internal consistency reliability and structural validity of the questionnaire are tested. The results show that the questionnaire has good reliability and validity. It can be used as a tool to measure the psychological capital of entrepreneurship. 2) College students' entrepreneurial psychological capital is generally in the upper middle level, and the scores of each dimension of entrepreneurial psychological capital are optimistic and hopeful from high to low. There was no significant difference in entrepreneurial psychological capital among different genders. The scores of entrepreneurial psychological capital and its dimensions of science and engineering students were significantly higher than those of liberal arts students. 3) Entrepreneurial psychological capital can positively predict entrepreneurial intention, and the predictive power of entrepreneurial psychological capital is better than entrepreneurial self-efficacy and optimistic. It is shown that entrepreneurial psychological capital as a high order core structure plays a better role in predicting entrepreneurial intention.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G645.5;G444

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