中学生的学业自我妨碍及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 18:49

本文选题：自我妨碍 + 自尊　；参考：《华中师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：自我价值的动机理论认为，，学生学习的主要动机在于确立自我价值。自我价值主要由个人对自己能力的知觉或他人对自己能力的知觉所决定。人们往往用成功来肯定一个人的能力，失败会被解释为能力低下。由于教育体制的竞争性，一部分学生注定要失败，因此他们很难保持在学业能力上的信念和自我价值感，为了保护自我价值，这些学生会竭尽全力避免失败，甚至会放弃追求成功。能力和努力是协变的，一个人越有能力，他只需要花费较少的努力就能成功：相反，一个人能力低下他就需要花费较大的努力才能成功。因此一个人的努力程度和努力后的结果能反映出一个人的能力状况。如果个体很努力但是失败了，那么他们将很难逃避缺乏能力的评价。因此在预期到可能失败时，个体就会放弃努力，这是因为努力和失败威胁到了他们的能力自我概念。Covington把这种不努力行为称为“自我价值保护”策略。自我妨碍就是一种自我价值保护策略。自我妨碍是指个体有意无意地给自己的成功施加阻力，从而操纵他人对自己能力的归因。自我妨碍的研究在国外取得了很大的进展，但国内的相关研究还较少。因此本研究旨在了解我国中学生学业自我妨碍的现状，验证国外对于学业自我妨碍的研究结论在不同的文化背景下是否具有普遍性。本研究用多个动机变量来同时预测自我妨碍，能更精细地比较各变量对自我妨碍的作用，从而能更明确地揭示自我妨碍背后的动力机制。研究以258名中学生为被试，采用问卷调查的方法，探讨自我妨碍与自尊、成就动机、成就目标的关系。结果表明：(1)男女生的自我妨碍没有显著的差异。(2)高中生比初中生更多地使用自我妨碍。高中各年级的自我妨碍没有差异；初二、初三学生比初一学生更多地使用自我妨碍。(3)成绩差的学生比成绩好的学生更多地使用自我妨碍。(4)自尊低的学生更容易自我妨碍。(5)避免失败对自我妨碍有显著的正向预测作用。(6)回避型成绩目标对自我妨碍有撇”士学“论文义逼夕7撇STER’5 11压515 显著的正向预测作用，掌握目标对自我妨碍有显著的负向预测作用，回避型成绩目标对自我妨碍的预测力要比掌握目标对自我妨碍的预测力更强，自我妨碍与趋近型成绩目标相关不显著。(7)对比所研究的其它动机变量，自我贬低和避免失败对自我妨碍的预测力更强，两者对自我妨碍有显著的正向预测作用。
[Abstract]:According to the motivation theory of self-worth, the main motivation of students' study is to establish self-worth. Self-worth is mainly determined by personal perception of one's own ability or others' perception of one's own ability. People often use success to affirm a person's ability, failure can be interpreted as low ability. Because of the competitive nature of the education system, some students are doomed to failure, so it is difficult for them to maintain their belief and sense of self-worth in their academic ability. In order to protect their self-worth, they will do their utmost to avoid failure. Even give up the pursuit of success. Ability and effort are covariates, and the more capable a man is, the less effort he takes to succeed; on the contrary, a person who is low in ability takes a great deal of effort to succeed. Therefore, a person's degree of effort and the results of effort can reflect a person's ability. If individuals work hard and fail, it will be hard for them to escape evaluation of incompetence. So individuals give up when they expect to fail, because effort and failure threaten their ability self-concept. Covington calls this non-effort a "self-worth protection" strategy. Self-hindrance is a self-worth protection strategy. Self-hindrance is when an individual consciously or unconsciously exerts resistance to his own success, thereby manipulating the attribution of others' ability to himself. Great progress has been made in self-handicapping research abroad, but there are few related studies in China. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of academic self-handicapping among middle school students in China, and to verify whether the conclusions of foreign studies on academic self-handicapping are universal in different cultural backgrounds. In this study, multiple motivational variables are used to predict self-handicapping simultaneously, which can more precisely compare the effects of each variable on self-handicapping, so as to reveal more clearly the dynamic mechanism behind self-handicapping. In this study, 258 middle school students were investigated by questionnaire to explore the relationship between self-handicap and self-esteem, achievement motivation and achievement goal. The results showed that there was no significant difference between male and female students in self-handicapping. 2) High school students used self-handicapping more than junior high school students. There is no difference in self-handicapping in all grades of high school; in the second year of high school, Students with poor grades use self-handicap more often than students with good grades.) students with low self-esteem are more likely to self-handicap. 5) avoidance of failure has a significant positive effect on self-handicapping. (6) avoidance performance goals have a positive effect on self-handicapping. On Scholars' thesis Yikuxi 7 skim STER'5 11 pressure 515 Significant positive prediction, mastery of goals has a significant negative predictive effect on self-handicapping, avoidance type. Performance goals are more predictive of self-handicapping than of mastery of self-handicapping, self-handicapping. Other motivational variables studied, self-devaluing, compared with approaching achievement goals. And avoidance of failure is more predictive of self-handicapping, and both have significant positive predictions for self-handicapping. With.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：G441

【引证文献】