父母共同养育行为及其对小学生人格发展的影响

发布时间：2018-01-30 21:04

本文关键词： 父母共同养育行为核心家庭小学生人格发展　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2007年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 父母共同养育行为是伴随着传统父母角色的演变而出现的父母养育合作的发展。在以往的儿童发展与家庭研究中,父母的个体养育与儿童人格发展的关系问题一直被研究者关注,并且也已取得了一些进展。但关于父母共同养育及儿童人格发展关系的探讨还不足,在我国本土的研究刚刚起步。探讨父母共同养育与儿童人格发展的关系,不仅有利于在家庭养育实践中发挥父亲参与的重要作用,进一步发展和完善儿童心理发展与教育的理论。而且,对培养21世纪高素质的人才,具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。在广泛综述与评价国内外有关父母共同养育研究文献资料的基础上,采用问卷法、情境观察、访谈等研究方法,以大连与本溪地区的小学生及其双亲父母为研究对象考察核心家庭的父母共同养育行为。本研究旨在探讨我国小学儿童核心家庭的父母共同养育行为现状,以及父母共同养育行为与小学儿童人格发展的关系。在探讨我国小学生父母共同养育行为的结构模型基础上,编制有效的父母共同养育的测量工具。具体研究如下: 研究一,通过对父母共同养育的理论探讨、开放式问卷、访谈文本编码与统计,总结出小学儿童的父母共同养育的理论建构。编制小学生父母共同养育行为的测评工具《父母共同养育问卷》。采用探索性因素分析得出父母共同养育的结构,进而通过LISREL技术手段,验证小学生父母共同养育行为的结构。研究二,运用问卷法,考察对775名小学生核心家庭父母共同养育行为的家庭类型分布。同时,采用情境观察、访谈等方法,对其中28个核心家庭的父母双方进行观察的编码与评定,进一步了解父母共同养育行为现状的质的特点并证明定量研究的有效性。研究三,采用《小学生人格教师评定问卷》(张野、杨丽珠、刘文,2004)考察775个核心家庭中,不同父母共同养育家庭类型的小学生人格发展的水平。并通过多元逐步回归分析,进一步了解父母共同养育行为的三维度对小学生人格各因子发展的预测作用。研究结果如下: 1.本研究编制的父母共同养育问卷具有较高的信度和效度,可作为城市小学生家长以及研究者科学地分析和了解父母共同养育行为的测评工具。 2.小学生父母共同养育行为结构包括三个因素:协作支持、主动参与、对立冲突;三因素相关模型具有合理、有效性。 3.父母共同养育的家庭类型可分为五种,母亲高参与型、父亲高参与型、父母对立型、父母合作型和父母低参与型。 4.父母共同养育行为存在显著的父母性别差异。父母共同养育行为的主流是好的,协作支持和主动参与多,对立冲突少。母亲的协作支持、主动参与高于父亲;父亲的对立冲突高于母亲。 5.父母共同养育行为存在显著的儿童性别差异。家庭养育协作支持中,小学男孩父母的行为协作高于女孩父母,而对女孩的情感支持高于男孩。男孩父母的主动参与方面(主导作用和共享活动)高于女孩的父母。在对立冲突中,男孩的父母更多表达不满;女孩父母更多联盟对抗;男孩父母的分歧冲突高于女孩父母。 6.不同类型的共同养育家庭小学生的人格发展存在显著的差异。父母合作型家庭中儿童的人格普遍得到了最好的发展,其次是父母一方积极参与的共同养育家庭,父亲高参与型家庭的儿童人格发展好于母亲高参与型家庭。父母低参与型和父母对立型的家庭对儿童人格的发展最为不利。 7.父母共同养育行为对儿童人格的发展具有预测作用。父母的协作支持对儿童的智能特征、情绪性和亲社会性有预测作用;父母的对立冲突对儿童人格的认真自控和亲社会性有预测作用,而父母的主动参与对儿童人格四个因子都有预测作用。
[Abstract]:Co parenting behavior is accompanied by the emergence of evolution of the traditional roles of Parents Parenting cooperative development in child development and family studies in the past, the relationship between parents and children have individual personality development has always been concerned, and has also made some progress. But the research on the relationship between CO parenting and the development of children's personalities also lack the research in domestic has just begun. To explore the relationship between CO parenting and children's personality development, not only conducive to play an important role in the father in the family upbringing in practice, to further develop and improve the children's psychological development and education theory. Moreover, in twenty-first Century to cultivate high-quality talents, has the important theoretical significance and practical value.
Based on extensive review and evaluation of domestic and foreign related co parenting literature research, using the method of questionnaire, situational observation, interviews and other research methods, to Dalian and Benxi in primary school and their parents parents to co parenting behavior object to research the core family. This study aims to investigate the co parenting behavior of Chinese primary school the children of the nuclear family, and the relationship between CO parenting behavior and personality development of primary school children. Based on the structure model of parents of primary school co parenting behavior, measurement tools for the preparation of effective parent co parenting. The specific studies are as follows:
The study, based on the analysis of CO parenting theory, open questionnaire, interview and text encoding statistics, summed up the construction of primary school children's co parenting theory. Notimportant co parenting behavior assessment tool co parenting questionnaire. "The analysis structure that CO parenting simply factors exploration, then through LISREL technical means, structure verification of pupils co parenting behavior.
Two, using the method of questionnaire, family type distribution investigation on 775 pupils in core family co parenting behavior. At the same time, the situation of observation, interviews and other methods, of which 28 core families both parents were observed and evaluated the characteristics of encoding, further understand the status quo of CO parenting behavior qualitative and demonstrate the effectiveness quantitative research.
Three, the "pupils' personality and teacher rating questionnaire" (Zhang Ye, Yang Lizhu, Liu Wen, 2004) of the 775 core families, different types of CO parenting families pupils' personality development level. And through multiple stepwise regression analysis, to further understand the parents co parenting behavior of pupils' personality dimension factors of development the prediction function.
The results of the study are as follows:
1., the parental rearing questionnaire developed by this study has high reliability and validity. It can be used as an evaluation tool for urban primary school parents and researchers to scientifically analyze and understand their parental rearing behaviors.
2. the behavior structure of parents' parents' parenting includes three factors: cooperative support, active participation, conflict of opposites, and three factors related models are reasonable and effective.
3. the family types of parental rearing can be divided into five types: high participation of mothers, high participation of fathers, parental antagonism, cooperative parents and low participation of parents.
4., there is significant gender difference in parental rearing behavior. The mainstream of parental rearing behavior is good, collaborative support and active participation are many, and conflict is less. Mothers' collaborative support, active participation is higher than father's, and father's conflict is higher than mother's.
There are significant gender differences in children's 5. co parenting behavior. Family collaboration support, primary school boy parents behavior coordination than girls parents of girls is higher than boys. Emotional support to actively participate in the boy's parents (the leading role and share activities) is higher than the girl's parents. In the confrontation, the boy's parents more girls parents expressed dissatisfaction; more alliance against conflict; the boys parents than girls and their parents.
There is a significant difference between the 6. different types of CO parenting families pupils' personality development. Parents of children in the family of cooperative personality generally get the best development, followed by one of the parents to actively participate in the co parenting family, father of high involvement children personality development in high mother families. Parents participate in low participation parents and families of children opposite personality development of the most disadvantaged.
Play a role in predicting the development of the 7. co parenting behavior on children personality. Parents of intelligent collaboration support features of children, predict emotional and prosocial; predict the conflict of parents on children personality serious self-control and prosocial and active participation, parents have prediction effect on four factors of children personality.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：B844.1

【引证文献】