解放初期中共对上海高等教育的接管

发布时间：2018-03-16 07:19

本文选题：解放初期　切入点：上海高等教育　出处：《复旦大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：解放前夕的上海高等教育在当时中国占据了举足轻重的地位,国民党CC系和朱家骅系一向通过把持上海高等教育,进而控制整个上海文化教育界。中共对它的接管与改造,使国民党统治下的高等教育回到人民手中,清除了帝国主义、封建买办势力在教育领域的影响,从根本上改变了旧教育与新政权极不适应的诸多方面,形成了解放后上海高等教育的基本格局与特色,对巩固新生政权意义重大论文通过整理利用已刊未刊相关档案、旧报刊杂志等文献史料,对解放初期上海各类高等教育机构接管工作进行了研究考察,研究的时间范围为49年5月上海解放到52年下半年进行全面院系调整前的三年间,对涉及时期较长的高校思想改造运动和全面院系调整等内容不做研究。论文主要包括三个部分：第一部分是上海解放时的高等教育“遗产”。这部分主要是对解放前夕上海高等教育的规模和地位,较有影响的高校的状况进行考察,指出上海高等教育在当时中国高等教育界的翘楚地位,明确了对其接管的重大意义。第二部分是酝酿与准备。这部分从丹阳集训整顿为伊始,对接管机构的建立,解放前后调查研究的方法、过程和意义以及中共深入地宣传动员等方面进行了考察,突出了准备工作对实现顺利接管的重要作用,说明中共谨慎稳妥的接管特点。第三部分是实施接管。这部分是论文的重点,通过翔实的史料,考察了宣布接管、实施清点、建立校委会、处理旧人员、联合招生、迁校并校、课程改革和接管私立高校等一系列接管中的重要事件,阐明接管方针、政策和步骤,初步总结了接管中的得与失。经研究发现,中共在接管上海高等教育过程中,遵循了“维持原状、逐步改造”的方针,避免了急性病和“左”的倾向。整个接管过程计划清晰周密,步骤科学谨慎,可以说是稳扎稳打,步步为营,保证了高校在接管期间的稳定,避免了骚乱。同时,接管工作注重运用宣传动员这一制胜“法宝”,不但稳定了人心减小了矛盾阻力,而且使中共获得了师生的认可。接管工作基本上是顺利和成功的。
[Abstract]:Shanghai higher education on the eve of liberation occupied a pivotal position in China at that time. The CC Department of the Kuomintang and the Zhu Jiahua Department had always controlled Shanghai's higher education, thus controlling the entire cultural and educational circles in Shanghai. The CPC took over and reformed it. The return of higher education under the Kuomintang rule to the hands of the people, the removal of imperialism, the influence of feudal comprador forces in the field of education, and the fundamental change in many aspects of the old education and the new regime, The formation of the basic pattern and characteristics of Shanghai's higher education after liberation is of great significance to the consolidation of the new regime. Through sorting out and utilizing related archives, old newspapers and magazines and other documents and historical materials, the paper makes a research and investigation on the take-over work of all kinds of higher education institutions in Shanghai in the early period of liberation. The time range of the study was from May to the second half of 52 years before the liberation of Shanghai and the three years before the overall department adjustment. This paper mainly includes three parts: the first part is the legacy of higher education during the liberation of Shanghai. The scale and status of Shanghai's higher education on the eve of the year, By investigating the situation of the more influential colleges and universities, pointing out the leading position of Shanghai's higher education in China's higher education circles at that time, the significance of taking over from Shanghai's higher education is clear. The second part is brewing and preparing. This part has been rectified from the beginning of Danyang's intensive training. The establishment of the take-over institution, the methods of investigation and research before and after liberation, the process and significance of investigation and research, as well as the CPC's in-depth propaganda and mobilization were investigated, highlighting the important role of the preparatory work in realizing the successful takeover. The third part is the key point of the paper. Through detailed historical data, it examines the announcement of the takeover, the implementation of the inventory, the establishment of the school committee, the handling of the old personnel, the joint recruitment of students and the relocation of the school. Curriculum reform and takeover of private colleges and universities, such as a series of important events in the takeover, to clarify the policy, policies and steps of the takeover, a preliminary summary of the gains and losses in the takeover. The study shows that in the process of taking over higher education in Shanghai, the CPC has followed the policy of "maintaining the status quo ante and gradually reforming", thus avoiding the tendency of acute illness and "left". The whole takeover process has a clear and well-planned plan, and the steps are scientific and prudent. It can be said that it is a steady and steady step by step, which ensures the stability of colleges and universities during the takeover period and avoids disturbances. At the same time, the take-over work focuses on the use of propaganda and mobilization as a "magic weapon" to win the victory, which not only stabilizes the people's mind but also reduces the contradictory resistance. Moreover, the CPC obtained the approval of teachers and students. The takeover was basically smooth and successful.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.2

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