我国高校实施专业认证问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 18:31

本文选题：高等教育 + 专业认证　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》中提出“到2020年我国将实现高等教育毛入学率达到40%”的目标。“大众化教育”对高校各专业质量提出了严峻考验,高校能否培养出高质量专门人才很大程度上取决于专业教育水平。目前,专业认证已经被列为我国“高校本科教学质量与教学改革工程”中的一项重要内容,成为当前我国政府、学校、社会关注的焦点问题。鉴于此,针对高校专业认证的研究尤显重要。论文拟评述我国高校专业认证的现状,分析存在的问题及其成因,提出进一步完善我国高校专业认证体系的建议,希冀为建立规范化的专业教育质量保证体系、完善高校专业认证提供理论依据,进而为建构高校专业教育质量保障体系提供参考。论文分为四个部分：第一部分,以高校实施专业认证的哲学依据为研究的逻辑起点,提出了高校专业认证作为考查专业教育目标实现程度的外在形式和以专业价值为主体性事实判断的内在属性,分析了专业认证检验高校知识传授的效用和不以认证结果为终结的特殊价值,认为专业认证“以社会为本”、“以学科为本”和“以学生为本”的价值观决定其实施目标与发展方向。第二部分和第三部分,对高校实施专业认证现状、存在问题及成因进行分析。首先研究认为,目前高校专业认证在工程教育专业实施效果显著,其范围已逐步延伸到其它专业领域。其次,政府为专业认证提供了相关政策支持。然而,认证机构的管理主义倾向和高校的功利主义价值观在实施专业认证中占支配地位,对专业认证实施产生了负面影响：重“学校”轻“专业”认证倾向导致专业认证目标的偏差影响了专业认证的进程与绩效,导致专业质量无法得到有效保障。第四部分通过深入研究美国的高校专业认证,分析了美国高校实施专业认证的目的和意义,认为美国高校专业认证对我国有如下可供借鉴之处：专业认证与职业资格密切配合、对专业认证制度制定科学规范的法律保障、专业认证的国际化等。第五部分在借鉴美国经验的基础上,结合我国实际,从政府、社会和高校三方面,探讨了完善高校专业认证的途径和方法,为我国高校建立完善的专业认证体系提供新的思路。政府要坚持以科学质量观为指导,建立健全相关法律规范,制定多元化认证标准；鼓励建立规范与法定的社会中介,允许社会各界力量的参与,建立与用人单位互动的长效机制等；高校自身要重视激励,既要充分发挥参与专业认证的主动性、又要确立专业认证与人才培养融合的办学理念、注重专业认证进程和结果的结合等。
[Abstract]:In the outline of the National medium and long term Education Reform and Development Plan 2010-2020, it is proposed that China will achieve the goal of 40% gross enrolment rate of higher education by 2020. "popular education" has put forward a severe test to the quality of various specialties in colleges and universities, and whether colleges and universities can cultivate high-quality specialized talents depends to a great extent on the level of professional education. At present, professional certification has been listed as an important part of the "undergraduate Teaching quality and Teaching Reform Project" in our country, which has become the focus of our government, school and society. In view of this, the research on professional certification in colleges and universities is particularly important. This paper intends to comment on the status quo of professional certification in colleges and universities in China, analyze the existing problems and their causes, and put forward some suggestions for further improving the professional certification system of colleges and universities in our country, in the hope of establishing a standardized professional education quality assurance system. To provide theoretical basis for the improvement of professional certification in colleges and universities, and to provide a reference for the construction of quality assurance system of professional education in colleges and universities. The thesis is divided into four parts: In the first part, taking the philosophical basis of professional certification as the logical starting point of the research, the author puts forward the intrinsic attribute of the professional certification as the external form to examine the degree of the realization of the professional education goals and the judgment of the subjective facts based on the professional value. This paper analyzes the utility of professional certification in testing the knowledge imparting in colleges and universities and the special value that does not end with the result of certification, and holds that professional certification is "socially oriented". The values of "discipline-oriented" and "student-oriented" determine its implementation goal and development direction. The second part and the third part, analyze the status quo, existing problems and causes of professional certification in colleges and universities. First of all, the author thinks that the implementation effect of college professional certification in engineering education is remarkable, and its scope has been gradually extended to other professional fields. Secondly, the government provides relevant policy support for professional certification. However, the managerial tendencies of certification bodies and the utilitarian values of colleges and universities occupy a dominant position in the implementation of professional certification. It has a negative effect on the implementation of professional certification: the tendency of emphasizing "school" "neglecting" "specialty" leads to the deviation of professional certification goal, which affects the process and performance of professional certification, and leads to the inability to guarantee the professional quality effectively. The fourth part analyzes the purpose and significance of professional certification in American colleges and universities through in-depth study of professional certification in the United States, and concludes that professional certification in American colleges and universities can be used for reference in our country as follows: professional certification and professional qualifications closely cooperate. Professional certification system to establish scientific and normative legal protection, professional certification internationalization, and so on. In the fifth part, based on the experience of the United States and the reality of our country, the author probes into the ways and methods of perfecting the professional certification of colleges and universities from three aspects: government, society and universities, and provides a new way of thinking for the establishment of a perfect professional certification system in our country's colleges and universities. The government should adhere to the guidance of the scientific quality concept, establish and improve relevant legal norms, formulate diversified certification standards, encourage the establishment of normative and statutory social intermediaries, and allow the participation of all sectors of society. To establish a long-term mechanism of interaction with employers and so on, colleges and universities should attach importance to incentives, not only give full play to the initiative of participating in professional certification, but also establish the idea of combining professional certification with talent training. Pay attention to the combination of professional certification process and results.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647

【相似文献】