中国研究型大学竞优建设的若干问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 03:28

本文选题：研究型大学 + 指导思想　；参考：《东北大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：在中国实施创新型国家战略的背景下,作为向国家长期输送大批创新型人才和科技创新成果的研究型大学的建设与发展,越来越受到人们的关注。然而,中国从1994年才开始讨论研究型大学；2001年起,才引起高校领导和专家学者的注意,并逐渐成为研究的热点。由于历史的原因,中国目前的研究型大学建设依然受经济体制遗留下来的一些思维方式和管理方式严重影响,包括研究型大学建设的理念、指导思想、领导体系、大学评价及师资管理等；计划经济时期中国的教育以知识传授为主,创新人才的培养不是教育的主要目标。而创新型国家建设要求研究型大学必须以创新型人才的培养作为首要目标；同时,培养创新型人才也需要探索并依据创新人才的成长规律,配置和管理研究型大学的优先资源。因此,有关研究型大学建设的研究对中国社会具有现实意义和历史意义,对人才培养方式及研究型大学管理模式建设也具有很好的理论与实践价值。依据竞优思想,本文首先提出了研究型大学应该是广泛提倡、鼓励并力行探索和利用事物规律,以展示行为主体优良品行的大学。在此基础上,依据竞优活动的特点,分析了研究型大学的特征；指出了民族振兴和创新型国家建设迫切需要研究型大学,研究型大学也是个人发展的重要依托；同时也分析了研究型大学建设将面临转变教育理念和协调社会多种思维和行为定势等严峻的挑战。本文以研究型大学建设的理念为切入点,通过逻辑分析和作用判断认为在研究型大学建设中,依然必须以国家教育方针为宗旨,可以将竞优主张作为国家教育方针的具体实现方式。按照竞优思想,从最有利于个体的角度,本文提出了一种评析方法,本评析方法能够在不违反社会群体宏观价值取向的前提下,突出个体对社会的贡献行为,体现了人本思想,是值得挖掘和推广的方法。通过对目前大学评价状况的分析,本文认为,对大学的评估应立足于提倡大学精神以及保证与发展大学的核心功能。据此,本文提出了一种新的大学评析方法,该方法具有在“发展内容上倡导民主集中”,而在“发展方式上倡导自主创新”的思想,有利于大学依据主客观状况特色发展；同时,又可以对大学运行结果的类型加以提炼和分析,有利于教育管理部门分门别类地指导。在研究型大学师资管理方面,本文提出了研究型大学教师考核架构,通过先期明确各项指标的理想值实现目标导向作用,并通过动态修正理想结局保证学校发展的先进性；同时,考核结果的获得完全依据教师业绩信息,整个过程不存在人为干预(包括价值结构参数),具有客观性,且比较充分地体现了人本思想,体现了引导和鼓励研究型大学教师在实现学校所主张的科研、知识传授和促进社会进步方面的探索和实践,而且鼓励探索与实践的方向具有教师自主性；既尊重研究型大学教师的意愿,也符合研究型大学关于教师个人学术自由、发展自主的宗旨,同时也解决了评价的统一标准与群体差异、统一标准与学科差异的矛盾。在研究型大学学科建设方面,本文提出了基于个体优势分析的领军人才评判方法,从共性优势结构与被评价对象个性优势结构相结合的角度,为人员选拔决策提供了一种科学、实用的定量分析工具,可供组织中人力资源管理部门选用。
[Abstract]:In the context of the implementation of the innovative national strategy in China, the construction and development of a research university with a large number of innovative talents and scientific and technological innovations for a long period of time has attracted more and more attention. However, China began to discuss the research university since 1994. Since 2001, it has aroused the attention of university leaders and experts and scholars. Because of historical reasons, the construction of research universities in China is still seriously affected by some thinking ways and management ways left by the economic system, including the concept of the construction of research universities, guiding ideology, leadership system, university evaluation and teacher management, and so on; the teaching of China in the planned economy period. It is not the main goal of education to cultivate knowledge imparting, and the cultivation of innovative talents is not the main goal of education. But the construction of innovative country requires the training of innovative talents as the primary goal. At the same time, the training of innovative talents should also be explored and according to the rules of the growth of innovative talents, and the priority resources of research universities should be allocated and managed. Therefore, the research on the construction of research universities is of practical and historical significance to Chinese society, and has a good theoretical and practical value for the training mode of talents and the construction of the management model of research universities.
Based on the idea of competitive excellence, this paper first puts forward that research universities should be widely advocated and encouraged to explore and utilize the rules of things to demonstrate the good conduct of the subject of behavior. On this basis, the characteristics of the research universities are analyzed according to the characteristics of competitive excellence, and the urgent need for national rejuvenation and innovative country construction is pointed out. For research universities, research universities are also the important support of individual development. At the same time, it is also analyzed that the construction of research universities will face the severe challenges of changing educational ideas and coordinating social thinking and behavior setting. This paper is based on the concept of research university construction, and thinks that it is studied by logical analysis and action judgment. In the construction of universities, we must still take the national education policy as the purpose, and we can take the competitive advantage as the concrete way to implement the national education policy.
According to the idea of competitive excellence and from the point of view that is most beneficial to the individual, this paper puts forward a method of evaluation. This method can highlight the individual's contribution to society without violating the macro value orientation of the social groups, and embodies the humanistic thought. It is a method worth digging and popularizing.
Through the analysis of the current situation of university evaluation, this paper believes that the evaluation of universities should be based on the spirit of promoting the University and the core functions of the University. Based on this, a new method of university evaluation is proposed in this paper, which advocates the concentration of the people in the "development content", and advocates self creation in the way of development. The idea of "new" is beneficial to the development of university based on the characteristics of subjective and objective conditions; at the same time, it can also be refined and analyzed for the type of university running results, which is beneficial to the guidance of the educational administration departments.
In the field of teacher management in research universities, this paper puts forward the evaluation framework for the teachers of research universities, realizes the goal orientation by defining the ideal values of various indicators in the first time, and ensures the advanced nature of the school development by dynamic correction of the ideal outcome. At the same time, the results of assessment are completely based on the teacher's performance information, and the whole process does not exist. Human intervention (including value structure parameters), which has objectivity and more fully embodies the humanistic thought, embodies the exploration and practice of guiding and encouraging research university teachers to carry out scientific research, knowledge imparting and promoting social progress, and encourages exploration and practice in the direction of teachers' autonomy; not only The will of the teachers in research universities also conforms to the purpose of the research university on the individual academic freedom of teachers and the development of autonomy. At the same time, it also solves the contradiction between the unified standard and the group difference, the unification of standard and the difference of subject.
In the subject construction of research universities, this paper puts forward the method of judging the leading talents based on the analysis of individual superiority, and provides a scientific and practical quantitative analysis tool for personnel selection and decision making, which can be used in the organization of human resources management in the organization.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647

【参考文献】