改革开放以来西方社会思潮对我国大学生的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 07:41

本文选题：西方社会思潮 + 大学生　；参考：《武汉大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：在改革开放和发展社会主义市场经济过程中,由于时代转换、社会转型、体制转轨的过渡性和不确定性以及市场经济的双重影响,西方社会思潮不断涌现且表现活跃,对人们的思想和行为产生着深刻影响。西方社会思潮的传播过程一般从高级知识分子到青年学生,再到社会群众,这种传播特点决定了高校思想文化领域是各种社会思潮的集散地,而大学生求新求异、敏感的特点往往容易成为西方社会思潮积极的参与者、追随者、传播者,甚至是实践者。当代西方社会思潮在大学生中的传播程度如何?它们对大学生产生了哪些影响?影响的机制是什么?如何引导大学生正确认识这些思潮正是本文试图说明的问题。本文以马克思主义为指导,综合运用历史的方法、文献研究法、实证研究方法、阶级分析法,以及理论与实践相结合的方法,从社会思潮的概念切入,分析了西方社会思潮的本质与特征,研究了西方社会思潮影响大学生的历史与现状,剖析了当代西方社会思潮影响大学生的原因,并对其影响机制作了深入的研究,提出了针对性引导大学生正确认识西方社会思潮的对策。 1、西方社会思潮的本质与特征。论文在此部分主要论述了西方社会思潮对大学生的影响研究的研究意义,社会思潮的基本概念,西方社会思潮生成的条件、共同本质及特征。 2、西方社会思潮对高校大学生影响的历史。论文将改革开放以来西方社会思潮影响大学生的历史划分为四个阶段：涌入时期、泛滥时期、复杂时期和扩散时期,并对每一阶段西方社会思潮在高校学生的传播状况及影响进行了探讨,总结了影响的特点。并在此基础上,分析了西方社会思潮影响大学生的基本趋势：从对立式的解构到个性化的建构,从多样化传播到立体化传播,从重显性到隐性与显性并重,从大众化到小众化,从理性的内化到感性的内化。 3、西方社会思潮影响大学生的现状与特点。论文在实证研究基础上,分析了西方社会思潮对高校学生影响的现状,得出以下结论：大部分高校学生对西方社会思潮有所了解但并不深入,西方社会思潮对高校学生影响总体不大,但潜在影响不容忽视；大学生对各种西方社会思潮具体观点认同度总体不高,但个别观点认同度较高；大学生接触西方社会思潮带有猎奇性,但也含有对其观点的认同；大学生对社会主义核心理论观点有普遍较高的认同,但也有一些核心指标认同度不高。通过进一步分析,还发现当代西方社会对高校学生的影响呈现一定的差异性,具有较明显的人口学特征,如：男生比女生更关注西方社会思潮,受其影响也更大；随着学历提高,高校学生对西方社会思潮知晓度影响度和认同度呈现增长的趋势；党员学生比团员和群众学生对西方社会思潮知晓度更高,而受影响度和认同度较低；文科学生对西方社会思潮的知晓度和受影响的程度明显高于理工科学生。与上世纪八十年代、九十年代相比,当代西方社会思潮对学生的影响呈现出一些新的特点：当代西方社会思潮以理论观点的新奇性吸引当代大学生,大学生以更加感性和生活体验的方式接触西方社会思潮,当代西方社会思潮渗透于技术的使用中影响大学生,当代西方社会思潮以西方主流价值的“普世性”迷惑大学生,西方社会思潮影响大学生的相互渗透性加强,当代大学生对西方社会思潮的态度趋于客观理性,但认知缺乏深度。 4、西方社会思潮影响大学生的原因与机制。论文结合历史分析和实证调查的结果,从大学生本身、西方社会思潮、社会因素、教育引导四个方面分析了西方社会思潮影响大学生的原因。然后从西方社会思潮影响大学生的过程和要素分析入手进一步探讨了西方社会思潮影响大学生的机制。当代西方社会思潮影响大学生的过程是传播者借助教育介体,综合教育环体,对大学生施加教育影响,使大学生形成他们所期望的价值观念的过程。在这个过程中存在着外在过程和内在过程两个子过程。外在过程即当代西方社会思潮的传播过程,内在过程即大学生对当代西方社会思潮的接受过程,西方社会思潮的传播过程是影响的前提和基础,大学生的接受过程是影响的核心和根本,这两个过程并非相互独立的过程而是相互联系交叉的过程,两者一起构成西方社会思潮影响大学生的完整过程。西方社会思潮影响大学生的机制则是这样的：传播者在一定的环境条件下,把西方社会思潮体系化的理论转变成感性化、大众化、生活化、时尚化的观点,通过传播媒介把信息传递给大学生,大学生根据自身的需要选择信息,然后对信息进行加工和意义建构形成新的知识。 5、引导大学生应对西方社会思潮的对策。论文针对当代西方社会思潮影响大学生的特点、原因及机制,从五个方面提出正确引导大学生认识西方社会思潮的对策：培养大学生的主体性,增强对西方社会思潮的分辨力；加强政治思想教育,提高大学生政治理论素质；拓展思想理论教育渠道,管控西方社会思潮传播渠道；培育有助于大学生正确认识西方社会思潮的环境；创新思想教育的形式与方法,提升引导的针对性。
[Abstract]:In the process of reform and opening up and the development of the socialist market economy, due to the transition of times, social transformation, transition and uncertainty of system transition and the dual influence of market economy, the western social trend of thought emerges constantly and is active, and has a profound influence on people's thought and behavior. The spread process of western social thoughts is general. From the senior intellectuals to the young students and to the social masses, the characteristics of this communication determine that the ideological and cultural field in Colleges and universities is a gathering place for various social trends of thought, and the college students seek new differences, and the sensitive characteristics tend to become active participants, followers, disseminators and even practitioners in western society. What are the effects on college students? What are the effects of their impact on college students? What are the mechanisms of influence? How to guide college students to correctly understand these thoughts is the problem that this article is trying to explain. This paper, guided by Marx doctrine, uses historical methods, literature research method, empirical research method, class analysis method, And the method of combining theory with practice, from the concept of social thought, analyzes the essence and characteristics of the western social trend of thought, studies the history and present situation of the western social trend of thought affecting college students, analyzes the reasons for the influence of contemporary western social trend of thought on college students, and makes an in-depth study on its shadow machine, and puts forward the pertinence. Guide college students to correctly understand the western social trend of thought.
1, the essence and characteristics of the western social trend of thought. In this part, the thesis mainly discusses the significance of the research on the influence of Western Social Thought on the college students, the basic concept of social thought, the conditions of the formation of western social thoughts, the common nature and characteristics of the social trend of thought.
2, the history of the influence of Western Social Thought on college students. This paper divides the history of western social thought affecting college students since the reform and opening up to four stages: the period of influx, the period of flooding, the complex period and the period of diffusion, and a summary of the spread and influence of the western social trend of thought at each stage in the university students. On this basis, it analyzes the basic trend of the influence of Western Social Thought on the college students: from the deconstruction of the vertical to the individualized construction, from the diversification to the three-dimensional communication, from the heavy dominance to the recessive and dominant, from the popularity to the small, from the rational internalization to the sensual internalization.
3, the current situation and characteristics of the western social trend of thought influence college students. On the basis of empirical research, the paper analyzes the current situation of the influence of Western Social Thoughts on college students, and draws the following conclusions: most of the college students have some understanding but not deep in western social trend of thought, and the influence of Western Social Thoughts on college students is not large, but the potential shadow is hidden. It can not be ignored; college students are generally not high on the specific views of various western social thoughts, but their individual views have a high degree of identity, and the university students' contact with western social thoughts has the nature of novelty, but also contains the identity of their views, and the college students have a general and high recognition of the socialist core theory, but there are some core points. Through further analysis, it is found that the influence of contemporary western society on college students is different, which has obvious demographic characteristics, such as: boys are more concerned about western social thoughts than girls, and are more affected by it; with the improvement of education, the degree of influence of college students on the awareness of western social trends of thought and the degree of influence of College Students The degree of identity of the party members and students is higher than the group members and the students, but the degree of influence and recognition is lower. The degree and influence of the liberal arts students on the western social trend of thought are obviously higher than those of the science and engineering students. Compared with the western society in the 80s and 90s, the contemporary western society was compared with that of the last century. The influence of thought on the students presents some new characteristics: the contemporary western social trend of thought has the novelty of the theory to attract the contemporary college students. The college students contact the western social trend of thought in the way of more sensibility and life experience. The contemporary western social trend of thought permeates the use of the technology to influence college students, and the western trend of thought in the west is west of the contemporary era. The "universality" of the mainstream values confuses college students, and the western social trend of thought affects the mutual penetration of college students. The attitude of contemporary college students to the western social trend of thought tends to be objective and rational, but the cognition is lack of depth.
4, the causes and mechanisms of the western social trend of thought influence college students. The paper analyzes the reasons for the influence of western social trend of thought on college students from four aspects of college students, western social thought, social factors and educational guidance with the results of historical and empirical investigations. The mechanism of the influence of Western Social Thought on college students is further discussed. The process of contemporary western social trend of thought affects college students is the process and internal process and inherent in the process of influencing college students with the aid of educational media, comprehensive education circle, the influence of education on college students and the formation of their expected values. The process is the two sub process. The external process is the transmission process of the contemporary western social trend of thought. The internal process is the process of accepting the ideological trend of the contemporary western society. The communication process of the western social trend of thought is the premise and foundation of the influence, the process of accepting the university students is the core and the root of the influence, and the two processes are not independent process of each other. It is the process of intersecting with each other, which together form a complete process of the influence of Western Social Thought on college students. The mechanism of the influence of Western Social Thought on college students is such that the communicators change the theory of the systematization of western social thoughts into a sense of sense, popularity, life and fashion under certain environmental conditions. Through the media, information is transmitted to university students. Students choose information according to their own needs, then process information and construct meaning, forming new knowledge.
5, guide the college students to deal with the western social trend of thought. According to the characteristics, causes and mechanisms of contemporary western social trend of thought affecting college students, the paper puts forward the countermeasures to correctly guide college students to understand the western social trend of thought from five aspects: to cultivate the subjectivity of College students, to enhance the resolution of the western social trend of thought and to strengthen the political ideological education. To raise the political theory quality of college students, to expand the channels of Ideological and theoretical education, to control the dissemination channels of western social thoughts, to cultivate the environment for the correct understanding of the ideological trend of the western society, to innovate the form and method of ideological education, and to improve the pertinence of the guidance.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

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