高职院校困难大学生抗挫折教育研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 20:47

【摘要】：近年来,由于社会多方面的激烈竞争,给在校大学生特别是高职高专大学生极大的压力与冲击,使他们的内心承受能力受到了严峻的考验。根据心理专项普查显示,37%的在校大学生存在不同程度不同类型的心理问题或障碍,主要集中在学习、生活、交往、就业、家庭等诸多方面,给个人、家庭、社会带来巨大的损失。如何增强大学生抗挫折能力,提高他们对挫折的正确认识,培养他们勇敢面对困难和挫折的坚强决心,这是全社会面临的一项任重而道远的长期工作,也是本论文所要解决的主要问题。大学生抗挫折教育迫在眉睫。鉴于此,本文旨在对湖南商务职业技术学院1—3年级大学生面对挫折所显现出的能力状况进行抽样调查,根据统计资料显示高职院校大学生主要面临的挫折在于学习挫折、人际关系挫折、恋爱挫折、就业挫折、家庭挫折等几个方面。产生这些挫折的根本原因在于：客观环境因素的影响,比如自然环境因素；社会环境因素影响,比如政治、经济、道德、风俗习惯、两性情感、就业形势、家庭教育等条件的限制；主观因素主要在于个体的生理、心理、以及心理发展与生理发育存在的差异。同时,本文结合国内外优秀的抗挫折教育理论,结合我国实际情况,总结出培养和增强大学生抗挫折能力的方法和举措,从学校、家庭、社会、个体四方面着手,为大学生健康成长创造良好条件,也为德育工作者业务水平的提高奠定实践基础。本研究性论文首先综述了课题研究的背景,提出高职困难大学生抗挫折能力培养不够的严重性,然后借鉴国内外抗挫折优秀理论,联系当前我国高职学院困难大学生耐挫力的现状,提炼出抗挫折教育的重要性：抗挫折教育既是社会发展的需要也是青年学生自身发展的需要,同时也是能否拥有健康人格的核心,更是大学生真正自立成熟的根本保证。本论文以湖南商务职业技术学院在校大学生为研究对象,采取问卷调查、专业访谈等方式,从学校、家庭、社会、大学生自身等多层面探讨高职院校困难大学生抗挫折能力现状：大学生抗挫折能力总体情况良好,应对挫折时主要以积极应对方式为主,大学生抗折能力的生源差异并不显著,但男生积极抗挫折能力显著低于女生,独生子女积极抗挫折能力显著低于非独生子女,理工科类大学生积极抗挫折能力稍高于文科类大学生抗挫折能力,而大学生抗挫折心理能力的年级差异显著表现出随年级升高逐渐降低的趋势。通过调查研究,本论文提出了高职院校困难大学生进行抗挫折教育应持有的思想和举措：学校要为大学生抗挫折能力的提高创造良好的条件；家庭要为抗挫折教育奠定和谐的内部基础；社会要为抗挫折教育构筑良好的外部基础；而大学生本身也应该正确的认知挫折,对待挫折,努力完善自我修养,为自身健康有序发展提供可靠保证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the fierce competition in many aspects of society, the pressure and impact of college students, especially the higher vocational and technical college students, have been severely tested. According to the special psychological survey, 37% of college students have different types of psychological problems or obstacles in different degrees, mainly concentrating on the psychological problems or obstacles. Learning, life, communication, employment, family and many other aspects have brought great losses to the individual, family and society. How to enhance college students' ability to resist setbacks, improve their correct understanding of setbacks, and cultivate their strong determination to face difficulties and setbacks, is a long and long term work that the whole society faces and is also the present theory. The main problem to be solved in this paper is the anti frustration education for college students.
In view of this, the purpose of this paper is to make a sample survey on the ability of students from grade 1 to grade 3 of Hunan Vocational College of Commerce in the face of setbacks. According to the statistical data, the main setback of college students in higher vocational colleges lies in several aspects, such as learning setbacks, interpersonal frustration, love setbacks, employment setbacks, family setbacks and so on. The root causes of these setbacks are: the effects of objective environmental factors, such as natural environmental factors, and social environmental factors, such as political, economic, moral, custom, sexual emotion, employment situation, family education and other conditions; the subjective factors mainly lie in the individual physiology, psychology, and psychological development and physical development. At the same time, this article, combining the excellent anti setback education theory at home and abroad, combined with the actual situation in China, summed up the methods and measures to cultivate and strengthen college students' ability to resist setbacks, starting from four aspects of school, family, society and individual, creating good conditions for the healthy growth of college students, and laying a foundation for the improvement of the business level of moral educators. Set the foundation of practice.
This paper first summarizes the background of the research, and puts forward the seriousness of the anti setback ability training for the higher vocational college students, and then draws on the domestic and foreign anti setback excellent theories to contact the current situation of the difficult students' frustration ability of the college students in China, and extracts the importance of anti setback education: anti setback education is a social development. The need for exhibition is also the need for the development of young students themselves, as well as the core of whether they can have healthy personality. It is also the fundamental guarantee for college students to truly self-reliance and maturity.
This paper, taking the college students of Hunan Vocational College of Commerce as the research object, takes a questionnaire survey and professional interview to discuss the current situation of anti setback ability of college students from school, family, society and college students themselves. The overall situation of College Students' ability to resist setbacks is in good condition and should be mainly in response to setbacks. The students' ability to resist setbacks is significantly lower than that of the girls. The ability of the only child to resist setbacks is significantly lower than that of the non only children. The ability of students in science and engineering to resist setbacks is slightly higher than that of the liberal arts college students, while the students' ability to resist frustration is a year. According to the research, this paper puts forward the thought and measures that the college students in higher vocational colleges should hold the resistance to frustration education: the school should create good conditions for the improvement of the ability to resist setbacks, and the family should lay a harmonious internal foundation for the anti setback education. The society should build a good external foundation for the anti setback education, and the college students themselves should correctly recognize setbacks, treat setbacks, improve their self-cultivation, and provide a reliable guarantee for their healthy and orderly development.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

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