陕西地方本科高校大学生职业生涯规划教育问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-08-30 16:32

【摘要】：在高等教育由精英教育迈向大众化教育的今天，大学生面临着越来越大的就业压力。如何提高学生的就业竞争力，，提高学生的综合素质成为社会关注的焦点。大学生职业生涯规划教育也正是在这一背景下逐步引起人们的重视。对大学生进行职业生涯规划教育对其树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观，科学地规划自己的学习、生活和未来的职业选择，形成正确的职业发展观念，提升个人竞争力，达到个人与职业的最优结合和人的全面发展以及我国人力资源强国战略的实施等有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。《中共中央国务院关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见》（中发[2004]16号）也要求：要帮助大学生树立正确的就业观念，要进一步建立健全大学生就业指导机构和就业信息服务系统，提供高效优质的就业创业服务，努力解决大学生实际问题。高等院校必须认识到，做好大学生就业指导工作，促进学生充分就业，对于缓解就业压力，维护社会稳定具有重大的意义。陕西省作为西北地区的教育大省，拥有高校数量仅次于北京和上海，位于全国第三，在国家人才战略中具有举足轻重的地位。为此开展陕西地方本科高校大学生职业生涯规划教育问题与对策研究就显得尤为重要。本文主要通过文献法、经验法和抽样问卷调查法展开分析研究。采用文献法大量收集国内外在本研究领域的成果，并对收集的资料进行研究、对比、筛选，从而归纳总结出目前研究状况的发展趋势，为论文的进一步研究奠定理论基础。采用抽样问卷调查法对西安科技大学、西安建筑科技大学、西安理工大学、西安石油大学、西安工程大学、西安财经学院、西安邮电学院、西安外国语大学、西北政法大学、西安文理学院、西安工业学院、陕西科技大学、咸阳师范学院、陕西中医学院、陕西理工学院十五所高校的2000名学生进行问卷调查、统计和分析，在借鉴相关学者的已有研究成果基础上，笔者认为陕西地方本科高校职业生涯规划教育存在以下突出问题：（1）教育内容的“单一性”；（2）教育工作的“季节性”；（3）教育队伍的“非专业性”；（4）教育对象的“无差异性”；（5）教育模式的“陈旧性”。针对以上问题进行原因分析包括：（1）传统就业观念的长期影响；（2）缺乏完善的教育指导体系；（3）高校对师资队伍建设重视不够；（4）大量实务性工作占据就业指导中心工作比重过高；（5）传统教学观的影响。综合上述理论分析和实际工作研究，本文在分析陕西地方本科高校大学生职业生涯规划教育存在的问题和原因的基础上的对策：（1）理论性与实践性相结合；（2）全程化与阶段化相结合；（3）专业化与职业化相结合；（4）全员化与个性化相结合；（5）主体性与多样性相结合。同时，为了使陕西地方本科高校大学生职业生涯规划教育的教育对策能够得到有效实施，还提出了国家法律保障、制度保障、组织保障、环境保障的具体保障措施。
[Abstract]:With the development of higher education from elite education to mass education, college students are facing more and more employment pressure. How to improve their employment competitiveness and comprehensive quality has become the focus of social attention. Career planning education should set up correct world outlook, outlook on life, values, scientifically plan their own study, life and future career choices, form correct concept of career development, enhance individual competitiveness, achieve the optimal combination of individual and career, and achieve the overall development of human resources and the reality of the strategy of China's powerful human resources country. Shi et al. have important theoretical and practical significance. Colleges and universities must realize that it is of great significance for relieving employment pressure and maintaining social stability to do a good job of employment guidance for college students and promoting their full employment. Shanghai is the third largest city in the country and plays an important role in the national talent strategy. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out the research on the problems and Countermeasures of career planning education for local undergraduate students in Shaanxi.
This article mainly carries on the analysis and research through the literature method, the experience method and the sampling questionnaire survey method. Adopts the literature method to collect the domestic and foreign massive achievements in this research field, and carries on the research, the contrast, the screening to the collected data, thus summarizes the present research situation development tendency, lays the theoretical foundation for the further research of the paper. Sampling questionnaires were applied to Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an University of Petroleum, Xi'an University of Engineering, Xi'an University of Finance and Economics, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an University of Foreign Languages, Northwest University of Political Science and Law, Xi'an University of Arts and Sciences, Xi'an Institute of Technology, Shaanxi University of Based on a questionnaire survey of 2 000 students from 15 universities of Shaanxi Institute of Technology, statistics and analysis are made. On the basis of the existing research results of relevant scholars, the author thinks that there are the following outstanding problems in career planning education of Shaanxi local undergraduate universities: (1) the "singleness" of educational content; (2) the "seasonality" of educational work; (3) the "seasonality" of the education. The reasons for the above problems include: (1) the long-term impact of traditional employment concepts; (2) the lack of a sound education guidance system; (3) insufficient attention to the construction of the faculty in Colleges and universities; (4) a large number of practical workers. The proportion of the work occupying the employment guidance center is too high; (5) The influence of the traditional teaching concept. Based on the above theoretical analysis and practical work research, this paper analyzes the problems and causes of career planning education in Shaanxi local undergraduate colleges and universities on the basis of countermeasures: (1) the combination of theory and practice; (2) the whole process and stage (3) combination of specialization and professionalization; (4) combination of full-staff and individualization; (5) combination of subjectivity and diversity. At the same time, in order to effectively implement the Educational Countermeasures of career planning education for local undergraduate students in Shaanxi, the paper also puts forward the national legal guarantee, system guarantee, organization guarantee and environment protection. Specific safeguards for safeguards.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38

【参考文献】