英国城市学院发展研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 15:43

【摘要】：英国城市学院(Civic Colleges in Britain)是19世纪出现在英国的新型高等教育机构。它的产生和英国当时的经济状况、教育传统以及科学教育观念的兴起密切相关。19世纪中叶,工业革命最先在英国完成。工业革命给英国的经济带来了飞速的发展,也促进了英国高等教育的变革,一批城市学院应运而生。英国城市学院成立至今已经走过一个多世纪的发展历程。经过100多年的发展,英国城市学院在科研和为社会服务方面都取得了显著的成果,它们不仅为当地的工商业培养了一批批优秀的人才,还成为地方工业的研究中心。在为地方服务并促进地方经济发展的过程中,英国城市学院自己也得到了长足的发展,它们先后升格为大学,有的还成为世界闻名的研究型大学。本文梳理了英国城市学院发展的历程,分析了萌芽时期和发展时期各阶段的社会背景和特点,并以伯明翰大学为个案,介绍并分析了伯明翰大学的办学宗旨、课程体系和教育资源,总结了伯明翰大学的办学成就和经验。论文认为,英国城市学院办学有以下诸特点：以服务地方经济发展为主的办学宗旨；以捐助和民众集资为主的资金来源；以科学技术教育为主的课程设置等。论文还分析归纳了英国城市学院办学的5条成功经验,即培养目标明确、课程设置灵活、经费来源渠道多元、办学模式新颖和师资队伍一流。针对近些年我国(大陆)一批新办地方性本科院校的问题,论文作者提出了5点改进的建议：首先,合理确定发展定位,加强科学研究职能；其次,立足地方,开设满足地方需要的专业和课程；第三,采取有效措施,吸引人才,建设杰出的师资队伍；第四,积极争取地方支持,促进资源来源多元化；第五,增强国际意识,积极促进地方院校的校际和国际合作。
[Abstract]:(Civic Colleges in Britain) is a new type of higher education institution which appeared in England in the 19 th century. Its emergence was closely related to the rise of economic conditions, educational traditions and scientific educational ideas in England. In the middle of the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution was first completed in England. The industrial revolution brought rapid development to the economy of Britain and promoted the reform of higher education in England. A group of city colleges came into being. British City College has gone through more than a century of development since its establishment. After more than 100 years of development, the British City College has made remarkable achievements in scientific research and social service. They have not only trained a lot of outstanding talents for local industry and commerce, but also become the research center of local industry. In the process of serving the local and promoting the development of the local economy, the British City College has made great progress in its own right, and they have been upgraded to universities, some of which have become world-famous research universities. This paper combs the course of the development of the British City College, analyzes the social background and characteristics of the budding period and the development period, and takes the University of Birmingham as an example to introduce and analyze the purpose of the University of Birmingham. Curriculum system and educational resources, summed up the University of Birmingham's achievements and experience. The paper holds that the British City College has the following characteristics: the purpose of running a school to serve the development of local economy, the source of funds mainly to donate and raise funds, and the curriculum with science and technology education as the main part. The paper also analyzes and sums up five successful experiences in running a school of British City College, that is, clear training goal, flexible curriculum, multiple sources of funding, novel mode of running a school and first-rate teaching staff. In view of the problems of a new batch of local colleges and universities in China (mainland) in recent years, the author puts forward five suggestions for improvement: firstly, to rationally determine the development orientation and strengthen the function of scientific research; Secondly, based on the local, to set up courses and specialties to meet the local needs; third, to take effective measures to attract talents and build an outstanding contingent of teachers; fourth, to actively strive for local support, and to promote the diversification of resource sources; Fifth, enhance international awareness and actively promote intercollegiate and international cooperation among local colleges and universities.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.2

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