自闭症儿童即兴音乐治疗的理论模型探索与个案研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 02:42

本文选题：音乐治疗 + 即兴　；参考：《华东师范大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：即兴音乐疗法是指在治疗过程中以即兴为主要治疗手段的音乐治疗形式。由于即兴具有自发性,创造性和交流性等特征,特别能促进患者和治疗者之间情感等方面的交流,美英等国的许多专家在不同音乐治疗模型的指导下已经进行了大量尝试,将即兴音乐治疗运用于自闭症儿童的教育与训练过程。近年来,虽然音乐治疗这一新兴学科已经开始被介绍到中国的音乐界、医学界以及特殊教育等领域, 但即兴音乐疗法很少受到特殊教育工作者的关注,将即兴音乐治疗运用于自闭症儿童的尝试更是寥若晨星。本研究在分析前人研究成果的基础上,提出了针对自闭症儿童的即兴音乐治疗的理论模型和即兴-结构化的干预模式。结合当前辅读学校自闭症儿童的教育和训练以及师资等实际情况,尝试探索一种将高度专业化的即兴音乐疗法运用于辅读学校的自闭症儿童的个人治疗的形式,以及具体音乐活动的设计方法。并通过个案研究,进一步验证治疗的理论模型和干预模式,以期对辅读学校自闭症儿童的教育实践提出一些有指导意义的建议。本研究共分三个部分。第一部分为研究背景,评介了半个世纪以来音乐治疗在世界和我国的发展概况,以及自闭症儿童与音乐和音乐治疗的关系,引出两种著名的即兴音乐治疗模型:创造性音乐疗法和自由即兴演奏疗法。第二部分为研究主体。在分析相关文献中自闭症儿童的个案研究的基础上,提出以自闭症儿童为对象的即兴音乐治疗四阶段模型。根据该模型并结合辅读学校师资和自闭症儿童的情况设计出即兴-结构化的干预方式,以及不同类型的音乐活动。选择处于不同实验起始阶段的自闭症儿童三名为被试进行干预,分别从这三名被试的情绪变化、注意行为的变化以及自主意识和行为的发展等方面考察干预的有效性和恰当性,同时分析了不同类型的音乐活动对被试的影响。第三部分为研究结论和建议。从实验结果可以得出以下结论:通过分析相关文献而提出的即兴音乐治疗的四阶段模型是一个具有指导意义的理论模型;在模型的指导下设计的即兴-结构化相结合的干预方式符合当前辅读学校的实际情况,具有很强的实用性,而且相当有效;《音乐疗法诊断表》是一个有价值的诊断工具和分析音乐治疗绩效的评估工具;在音乐治疗过程中,根据不同维度设计的不同类型的结构化活动会对儿童的表现产生不同的影响。最后从实践和理论两方面提出了相应的建议。
[Abstract]:Improvisation music therapy refers to the form of music therapy in the course of treatment with improvisation as the main treatment means .

improviousness is characteristic of spontaneity , creativity and communication , especially that promote emotion among patients and therapists , etc .

Many experts in the United States , Britain and other countries have already done a lot under the guidance of different music therapy models

Try to use improvising music therapy in the education and training process of children with autism . In recent years , though music

The treatment of this new discipline has begun to be introduced into the music industry , medical profession and special education in China ,

But improvising music therapy is rarely watched by special educators , and improvising music therapy is used in autism .

The child ' s attempt is even more than the morning star .

Based on the analysis of the previous research results , this paper puts forward the improvising music therapy for children with autism .

Theory model and improvisation - structured intervention model . Combined with the education and training of self - closing children in secondary reading schools

To try to explore a highly specialized improvising music therapy in secondary reading , as well as the actual situation of teachers and other teachers

The form of individual treatment for children with autism in schools , as well as the design methods of specific music activities .

Case study , further verifying the theoretical model and intervention model of treatment , with a view to the secondary reading of children with autism

Some guiding suggestions are put forward in educational practice .

The research is divided into three parts . The first part is divided into the research background , and the music therapy in half a century has been evaluated .

The development of the world and our country , as well as the relationship between the children of autism and the music and music therapy .

Mingxing music therapy model : creative music therapy and free improvisation .

The second part is the main body of the study .

A four - stage model of improvised music therapy targeting children with autism . Based on the model and combined with secondary reading schools

Teachers and self - closing children design improvising - structured interventions , as well as different types of music live

Three of the children with autism at the initial stage of different experiments were selected for intervention , respectively .

The change of emotion , the change of attention behavior and the development of independent consciousness and behavior are investigated .

The effectiveness and appropriateness of different types of music activity were analyzed .

The third part is the conclusions and recommendations of the study . From the experimental results , the following conclusions can be drawn :

The four - stage model of improvising music therapy proposed is a theoretical model with guiding significance ; in the model ,

The combination of improvising and structuring designed under the guidance of the guidance accords with the actual situation of the current secondary reading school , and

has strong practicability and is quite effective ; the diagnostic table of musical therapy is a valuable diagnostic tool and

Evaluation tools for analyzing music therapy performance ; different classes of design based on different dimensions during music therapy

structured activities of the type will have different effects on children ' s performance . Finally , it comes from practice and theory .

A corresponding suggestion was made .
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：G760

【引证文献】