越南宁平省业余体校排球运动发展现状与对策研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 21:12

【摘要】：竞技体育总体实力是一个国家、一个地区在国际社会展示自身软实力的重要战略资源,关乎一个国家的体育文化吸引力和国际影响力,而竞技体育后备人才的培养则与国家竞技体育事业的可持续发展息息相关。业余体校是越南业余体育训练的主要形式,并已逐渐成为培养及输送高水平竞技体育后备人才的主要基地。革新开放以来,越南提出了多元化的办训模式和后备人才培养机制,但对于业余体校的发展缺乏重视,相关研究如凤毛麟角。本研究旨在顺应越南国内竞技体育后备人才培养的研究趋势和需求,详细了解竞技排球后备人才的梯队建设状况,从而为越南业余体校排球运动的发展提供建议,同时为越南排球走出竞技低谷做出贡献。基于研究目的,本研究采用问卷调查法、文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法对越南宁平省业余体校排球运动的发展现状进行研究,以自编问卷为工具对12所业余体校的15名排球教练员和144名运动员进行调查,解析业余体校运动员的基本情况、竞赛成绩、训练动机、家长支持度以及教练员执教能力、学训安排、体校管理等因素对后备人才培养的影响,得出如下结论：1.越南宁平省业余体校排球运动的在训人数较少,而且各个地区不同体校的生源分布极不均衡；宁平省业余体校的办学模式以“走训制”为主,这种新时期的办学模式有助于保障青少年运动员完成日常的训练和竞赛任务,还能够为他们创造良好的文化课程学习环境,有利于提升运动员的整体文化素质；但宁平省的业余体校在运动员队伍管理、后备人才培养与输送等方面还存在很多问题,亟待改进。2.越南宁平省业余体校的运动员在文化课学习与训练上的矛盾十分突出,表现为青少年排球运动员在文化课程学习方面的兴趣不高,缺乏学习积极性,多数青少年运动员只喜欢参加排球运动训练,对文化课程学习存在一定的抵触情绪；在社会对高素质人才培养要求日益严格的今天,通过什么方式激发业余体校的青少年运动员学习文化课程的自觉性和积极性,让他们充分认识到文化学习对于一个高素质人才成长的重要性,从而在训练和学习之间做出平衡,是目前宁平省业余体校面临的一个大难题。3.越南宁平省业余体校排球运动员的选材主要以经验选材、竞赛成绩选材、其他教练员推荐这三种方法进行,极少利用专业选材理论和测试仪器,选材方法缺乏科学性,这也导致业余体校的排球运动员成材率较低,后备人才输送不畅通。4.越南宁平省业余体校排球队的教练员性别分布与年龄分布不合理,有经验的中年教练员居多,素质全面的年轻教练员偏少；教练员执教途径主要有三种,即专业体育院校毕业后进入体校执教、退役运动员直接留队执教、退役运动员接受再教育后执教；教练员总体受教育程度适中,但高学历人才偏少,不利于后备人才的全面培养；排球教练员收入水平不高,对工资待遇的满意度偏低,大多数教练员认为劳动价值与收入不成正比；教练员接受业务培训主要以听讲座的方式进行,而且参加培训的机会和次数极少,很多教练从不制定训练计划,严重影响了执训的质量。5.越南宁平省业余体校排球运动训练经费不足、场地设施和训练器材陈旧成为影响排球运动发展的最主要因素；青少年运动员参训缺乏物质基础保障,不利于提高他们的训练积极性,将可能导致运动成绩下滑；对排球运动员缺少科学、全面的管理,管理者没有认识到学训矛盾对后备人才培养和输送的破坏作用,只看重排球运动成绩、青少年运动员升学率和排球后备人才输送率,管理只限于日常的运动训练和竞赛,忽视了运动员的全面发展教育。
[Abstract]:The overall strength of competitive sports is an important strategic resource for a country to display its soft power in the international community, which is related to the sports cultural attraction and international influence of a country, while the training of competitive sports reserve talents is closely related to the sustainable development of national competitive sports. The amateur sports school is a Vietnamese amateur body. The main form of training and training has gradually become the main base for training and transporting high level athletic sports reserve talents. Since the reform and opening up, Vietnam has put forward a variety of training models and reserve personnel training mechanism, but it lacks attention to the development of amateur sports schools, and the related research is rare. This study aims to comply with Vietnam. The research trend and demand of competitive sports reserve personnel training, detailed understanding of the situation of the echelon construction of competitive volleyball reserve talents, so as to provide suggestions for the development of the volleyball sport in Vietnam amateur sports school, and make contribution for the Vietnamese volleyball to go out of the competitive valley. Based on the research purposes, this study adopts the questionnaire survey method, the literature method, and the interview. The research methods and methods are used to study the current situation of Volleyball in amateur sports school in Vietnam, Vietnam, and to investigate 15 volleyball coaches and 144 athletes in 12 amateur sports schools by self-made questionnaire, and analyze the basic situation, competition performance, training motivation, parental support and coaches' teaching ability in amateur sports schools. The following conclusions are drawn as follows: 1. the number of Volleyball in the amateur sports school in Ning Ping province of Vietnam is less, and the distribution of students in different sports schools in various regions is very uneven; the mode of running school in Ning Ping amateur sports school is based on "walking training system", which is the model of running a school in the new period. It is helpful to ensure the youth athletes to complete the daily training and competition tasks, to create a good learning environment for them, and to improve the overall cultural quality of the athletes. However, there are still many problems in the management of the athletes, the training and transportation of the reserve talents, and the need to be changed. In.2. Vietnam, the amateur sports school has a very prominent contradiction in the learning and training of the cultural course. It shows that the interest of the teenager volleyball players in the study of cultural courses is not high and lack of enthusiasm. Most teenager athletes only like to take part in the volleyball training and practice, and there is a certain resistance to the study of cultural courses. In order to arouse the awareness and enthusiasm of the young athletes in the amateur sports school, the importance of cultural learning to the growth of a high-quality talent is fully realized, and the balance between training and learning is the goal. A big problem facing the amateur sports school in former province, the selection of volleyball players in the Amateur Sports School of nuning province of Vietnam is mainly based on the experience selection, the selection of competition results, the other coaches recommend these three methods, seldom using the professional material selection theory and testing instrument, the selection method is lack of science, which also leads to the volleyball sport in amateur sports school. There are three kinds of coaches to coach and retire from professional sports colleges and universities after graduation. There are three main ways for coaches to teach and retire after graduation. The athletes directly leave the team to teach, the retired athletes receive the education after reeducation; the coaches are generally educated, but the high education talent is less, which is not conducive to the comprehensive training of the reserve talents; the volleyball coaches' income level is not high and the salary satisfaction is low. Most of the coaches think that the labor value is not proportional to the income. Coaches accept business training mainly in the way of listening to lectures, and the opportunities and times of training are very few. Many coaches never make training plans, which seriously affect the quality of training.5. in the Amateur Sports School of nnping province of Vietnam, the shortage of volleyball training, the field facilities and the obsolescence of training equipment have influenced the development of volleyball. The main factors are the lack of material base guarantee for young athletes' training, which is not conducive to the improvement of their training enthusiasm, which may lead to the decline in sports performance, the lack of scientific and comprehensive management for the volleyball players, and the failure of the managers to realize the effects of the training and training on the training and delivery of reserve talents, and only pay more attention to the performance of volleyball. The management of young athletes' enrollment rate and the rate of volleyball reserve personnel is limited to the daily sports training and competition, ignoring the all-round development education of athletes.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G842

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