运动和膳食结构对高校教师骨密度、体成分及血液生化指标的影响

发布时间：2018-11-05 11:35

【摘要】：目的:本研究通过获取高校教师BMD、体成分和血液生化指标相关数据,并对受试者进行运动及膳食结构的调查,对调查结果和数据进行相关分析。探讨运动和膳食结构对BMD、体成分和血液生化指标的影响,为运动和膳食结构增进身体健康提供相关理论依据。方法:2015年10月—11月对490名在职高校教师发放运动和膳食结构调查问卷,采用韩国GAIA KIKO人体成分分析仪、美国Achilles系列跟骨BMD测试仪和中国迪瑞公司的CS600B全自动生化分析仪,获取体成分、BMD和血液生化指标相关数据,数据分析利用 SPSS 22.0,绘图利用 Origin 9。结果:1.BMD值有规律运动组久坐少运动组,对21～49岁女性教师具有显著性影响(P0.05),对50岁以上女性教师具有高度显著性影响(P0.01);有规律运动对21～29岁男性教师BMD有显著性影响(P0.05),对30岁以上男性教师具有高度显著性影响(P0.01)。2.有规律运动可以显著降低BF、WHR、BMI值,对体重、LM、LBM并无显著性影响。有规律运动对30～39岁女性教师WHR具有显著性影响(P0.05),30～49岁女性教师BF、BMI具有高度显著性影响(P0.01),对40～49岁女性教师WHR具有高度显著性影响(P0.01),对50岁以上女性教师BF、WHR、BMI具有显著性影响(P0.05)。对30～39岁男性教师BF、WHR、BMI具有高度显著性影响(P0.01),40岁以上男性教师BF、WHR、BMI具有显著性影响(P0.05)。3.有规律运动会使男、女性教师GLU、TC、TG下降,ALT、BUN、CREA上升,对50岁以上女性教师GLU、TG和40岁以上男、女性教师CREA具有显著性影响(P0.05),其它年龄段的其它血液生化指标并无显著性影响。4.长期的素食和荤食都会使BMD下降,素食对40～49岁女性教师,21～29岁和50岁以上男性教师BMD具有显著性影响(P0.05);对30～49岁男性教师BMD具有高度显著性影响(P0.01)。荤食对30～49岁男、女性教师BMD具有显著性影响(P0.05)。5.荤食和素食易导致BF堆积,素食对50岁以上女性教师以及40岁以上男性教师BF具有显著性影响(P0.05);荤食对男性教师以及30岁以上女性教师BF具有显著性影响(P0.05)。6.素食能降低TC、TG、GLU、CREA,荤食则相反。素食对男性教师各年龄段CREA和30岁以上TC,女性教师40岁以上TC具有显著性影响(P0.05)。荤食对男性教师21～49岁TC,40岁以上TG,50岁以上CREA;女性教师30岁以上TC,50岁以上TG、CREA具有显著性影响(P0.05),对50岁以上男性教师TC具有高度显著性影响(P0.01)。结论:1.有规律运动能最有效提高50岁以上男、女教师BMD,对30～39岁男性教师及30～49岁女性教师BF、BMI有利影响最大,最有效改善50岁以上女性教师GLU、TG、CREA以及40岁以上男、女性教师CREA。2.素食最易引起40～49岁男、女性教师BMD降低,最易引起50岁以上男、女性教师BF堆积,能有效降低50岁以上女性教师GLU、TC、TG以及50岁以上男性教师GLU、TG和40岁以上男性教师TC。3.荤食最易引起30～39岁男、女性教师BMD降低,最易引起30岁以上男、女性教师BF堆积,会使40岁以上女性教师GLU、TC、TG以及男性教师50岁以上GLU、TC以及40岁以上TG显著升高。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the data related to BMD, body composition and blood biochemical indexes of college teachers, and to investigate the movement and dietary structure of the subjects, and to analyze the results and data. Objective To investigate the effect of exercise and dietary structure on BMD, body composition and blood biochemical indexes, and to provide theoretical basis for sports and dietary structure to improve body health. Methods: From October to November, 2015, 490 on-the-job teachers were given exercise and dietary structure questionnaire, using Korean GAA KKO human composition analyzer, American Achilles series calcaneus BMD tester and C600B full-automatic biochemical analyzer of Chinese Deery Company to obtain the body composition. The data of BMD and blood biochemical indexes were analyzed by SPSS 10.0. Results: 1. The BMD value had a significant influence on female teachers of 21 ~ 49 years (P <0.05). There was a significant influence on the BMD of female teachers over 50 years old (P <0.05). There was a significant difference in male teachers over the age of 30 (P0.01). There was no significant effect on body weight, LM and LBM after regular exercise significantly decreased BF, WHR, BMI. There was a significant difference in WHR among 30 ~ 39 years old female teachers (P <0.05), BF and BMI of 30 ~ 49 years old female teachers had a significant influence on WHR (P <0.01). There was a significant influence on WHR of female teachers aged 40 ~ 49 years (P <0.01), and there was a significant difference in BF, WHR and BMI of female teachers over 50 years old (P0.05). There was a significant difference in BF, WHR and BMI of male teachers aged 30 to 39 years (P0.01), and BF, WHR and BMI of male teachers over 40 years old were significantly affected (P0.05). There was no significant effect on CREA among male and female teachers GLU, TC, TG, ALT, TG and CREA in male and female teachers, and there was no significant effect on CREA among female teachers over 50 years old and over 40 years old (P0.05). There was a significant difference in BMD of male teachers aged between 21 and 29 and over 50 years old (P <0.05). The BMD of male teachers aged 30 to 49 years was significantly higher than that of male teachers aged 30 to 49 (P0.01). There was a significant difference in BMD of male and female teachers aged 30 ~ 49 years (P0.05). There was a significant difference in BF between male teachers and female teachers over the age of 40 (P0.05). Vegetarian can reduce TC, TG, GLU, CREA, but the food is opposite. There was a significant difference in TC between CREA and over 30 in male teachers (P <0.05). The TC, TG and CREA of male teachers aged 21 ~ 49 years old and over 40 years old were significantly influenced by TC, TG and CREA over the age of 30 years (P <0.01). Conclusion: 1. The regular exercise can effectively improve the BMD of male and female teachers over the age of 50, and has the best influence on the BF and BMI of male teachers aged 30 to 39 years and female teachers aged 30 to 49 years. The most effective improvement is GLU, TG, CREA and CREA of female teachers over the age of 50. The most susceptible to vegetarianism is the decrease of BMD of male and female teachers aged 40-49 years, which is most likely to cause the accumulation of BF in male and female teachers over the age of 50, which can effectively reduce the GLU, TC, TG of female teachers over the age of 50 and male teacher GLU, TG and male teacher TC. 3 over the age of 40. The results showed that male and female teachers with age of 30 ~ 39 years old and female teachers decreased BMD, which was most likely to cause the accumulation of BF among 30-year-old male and female teachers, which could increase the GLU, TC, TG and GLU, TC and TG of male teachers over the age of 40.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.49

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