美国加州“流动学生教育计划”研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 17:42

本文选题：加州　切入点：流动学生　出处：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着流动人口逐渐增多,我国进城务工人员随迁子女(下文简称“随迁子女”)教育问题日益凸显,且随迁子女教育公平性问题已成为我国教育发展的重要任务之一。作为美国流动人口大州,加利福利亚州(以下简称“加州”)也曾面临严峻的流动学生教育问题。为解决这一问题,加州制定了“流动学生教育计划”,并开拓一系列的流动学生教育项目。从1965年至今,经过加州教育部及相关部门的不懈努力,加州流动学生教育问题已经得到较为有效改善,且加州还成为美国其他州解决流动学生教育问题的典范。本文以加州“流动学生教育计划”为研究对象,追溯其产生背景,剖析其主要内容和实施效果,并在此基础上提炼出该计划的特点,最后凝练出对解决我国随迁子女教育问题可供借鉴的经验和启示。本文的主体结构由五部分组成。第一,美国“流动学生教育计划”的产生背景。本研究认为,“流动学生教育计划”的产生主要缘于以下三个方面：早期流动学生教育的困境、流动学生教育的复杂性与美国平等教育制度的呼吁。早期流动学生教育的困境主要体现在社会关注程度低、教师经验不足和流动学生教育资金投入不足,流动学生教育的复杂性包括高流动率、流动学生学籍信息不完整、校际与州际课程不一致以及家长参与缺乏等七个方面,美国历来呼吁教育平等的法律制度是该计划产生的背景因素之一。第二,美国加州“流动学生教育计划”的主要内容。本部分首先介绍加州“流动学生教育计划”的宗旨及目标,进而分析该计划下设的主要教育项目及其具体实施。该计划的主要教育项目包括：流动学生身份鉴定与入学项目、流动学生综合需求评估项目、“迷你”教师项目、流动学生信息网络项目、便携式学习连续性辅助项目以及加州流动学生家长咨询委员会等。这些项目涉及了流动学生教育的各个方面,各个项目之间相互协作,体现了加州“流动学生教育计划”解决流动学生教育问题的高效性与代表性。第三,加州“流动学生教育计划”的实施成效。本章将从教育公平理论的三个方面,即教育起点公平、教育过程公平、教育结果公平,并以美国联邦政府与加州教育部官方数据作为数据基础,分析该计划的实施效果。受益人数增多,促进了流动学生教育起点公平；教育经费和教育资源增加,体现了流动学生教育过程公平；学生学习成绩明显提高,凸显了流动学生教育结果公平。第四,加州“流动学生教育计划”的特点分析。加州“流动学生教育计划”的特点主要包括项目服务对象具有针对性、项目实施凸显全民性、项目设计满足个性化需求。第五,对解决我国随迁子女教育问题的启示。通过对加州“流动学生教育计划”的论述与剖析,本研究凝练出其对我国解决随迁子女教育问题的六个方面的启示：1.完善政府职能,为随迁子女教育提供政策与法律保障；2.健全教育经费划拨机制,保证随迁子女教育经费尽其用；3.促进教师专业发展,为随迁子女教育提供强有力的软件支撑；4.建立随迁子女电子学籍档案,保证随迁子女学习连续性；5.形成社会合力,共同致力于改善随迁子女教育环境；6.设立随迁子女教育专职机构,统管随迁子女教育事务。
[Abstract]:With the increase of population, our country children of migrant workers (hereinafter referred to as "Suiqian children") education is becoming increasingly prominent, and the problem of fair education Suiqian children has become one of the important tasks in the development of education in China. As the large floating population, and California State (hereinafter referred to as "California") also faced severe problems of migrant education. In order to solve this problem, California formulated the "education plan" and develop a series of mobile students, the migrant education project. Since 1965, the California Ministry of education and the relevant departments of unremitting efforts, California migrant education problem has been effectively improved. And California has become to solve educational problems of migrant students model of other states. This paper takes the California migrant education program as the research object, tracing its background, analyzes its main On the basis of that, we extract the characteristics of the plan, and finally condensed the experience and inspiration for solving the educational problems of children in China.
The main body structure of this article is composed of five parts.
First, the background of migrant education program. This study suggests that "education plan" flow of students mainly caused by the following three aspects: the early migrant education predicament, the complexity of migrant education and American education system called for equality. The early migrant education predicament is mainly reflected in the degree of social concern low, lack of teachers and lack of experience of migrant education funding, complexity migrant education include high flow rate, the flow of student information is not complete, and the interstate intercollegiate courses are not consistent and parents' participation in seven aspects such as lack of legal system, the United States has always called for equality in education is one of the factors of the plan generated.
Second, the main contents of American California migrant education program. This part introduces the purpose and objectives of California migrant education program, and then analyzes the plan under the education project and its implementation. The main educational projects of the program include: the flow of students identification and enrollment project, project evaluation requirements the flow of students, teachers "mini" project, the flow of students information network project, portable learning continuous auxiliary projects and California mobile parents advisory committees. These projects involve the flow of learning all aspects of graduate education and mutual cooperation between the various projects, efficient and representative of California migrant education program to solve the education the flow of students.
Third, the effectiveness of the implementation of the California migrant education program. This chapter from the three aspects of the theory of education fairness, education is the starting point fairness, fairness of the process of education, education fair results, and by the federal government and the California Department of education official data as basic data, implementation effect analysis of the plan to increase the number of benefits. The starting point, promote education of migrant students fairness; education funding and education resources increase, reflecting the fair education process flow of students; students' learning performance improved significantly, highlighting the migrant education fair results.
Fourth, the characteristics of the floating student education program in California. The characteristics of California mobile student education program mainly include the targeted service items, the implementation of projects and the individualized needs of projects.
Fifth, to solve China's Suiqian children's education problem. Through the discussion and Analysis on the Enlightenment of California migrant education program, this research finds out the solution to our country Suiqian children education problems on six aspects: 1. to improve the functions of the government, as the Suiqian children education policy and legal protection 2.; sound education funding allocation mechanism, ensure the Suiqian children's education funds in the 3.; promote the professional development of teachers, to provide powerful Suiqian children education software support; 4. to establish the Suiqian children electronic archives, to ensure the continuity of the Suiqian children learning; 5. the formation of social forces, working together to improve Suiqian children the establishment of education environment; 6. Suiqian children education organizations, the Suiqian children's education affairs.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G571.2

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