大学生可能自我、内隐职业声望偏好对职业决策困难的影响

发布时间：2018-04-20 20:16

本文选题：职业决策困难 + 可能自我　；参考：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：职业决策困难是指当个体处于一种对未来职业方向的不确定状态时可能会遇到的各种具体问题。大学生的自我认识、心理健康水平和成就动机的强弱等都会对它产生重大影响。在整个的人生发展过程中,随着年龄的增加和知识水平的提高,个体对自我会逐渐形成越来越清晰的认识,对自己的未来会出现不同的希望、预期,甚至是恐惧的想法,而且这些想法会一直处于持续的发展变化中,这些对自我的发展的动态认识即是可能自我。当涉及到对个体未来的生涯规划时,不同的个体对不同社会声望的职业也有着各自不同的态度和偏好。个体面对不同的有价值、有意义的任务时,会产生不同强度的成就动机,进而会影响决策。本研究采用情景模拟实验法和内隐联想测验分别测量大学生的可能自我与内隐职业声望偏好,以成就动机量表和大学生职业决策困难量表测量大学的成就动机和职业决策困难程度；选取南京市的4所高校(南京师范大学、南京审计学院、中国传媒大学南广学院、南京工程学院)的736名大学生为被试,探讨了大学生的可能自我、内隐职业声望偏好与职业决策困难的关系,得出了以下主要结论： 1、大学生可能自我中的希望可能自我和预期可能自我在性别上存在显著的差异,女生的希望可能自我和预期可能自我水平均高于男生；生源地和专业类型在大学生的职业决策困难上存在显著差异,尤其农村生源地的大学生的职业决策困难得分高于城市生源地的大学生。 2、大学生的希望可能自我与职业决策困难总分及其三个维度(缺乏准备、信息探索困难和冲突矛盾)都呈负相关；预期可能自我与缺乏准备呈负相关；恐惧可能自我与职业决策困难总分及其三个维度都呈显著的正相关。多元方差分析和逐步回归分析的结果都表明恐惧可能自我和希望可能自我对职业决策困难具有显著的预测作用。 3、大学生的内隐职业声望偏好与职业决策困难总分、缺乏准备呈显著的负相关,而与信息探索困难和冲突矛盾的相关却不显著。回归分析的结果表明,尽管大学生的内隐职业声望偏好对预测职业决策困难解释的变异量不大,但预测作用却达到了显著水平。 4、以大学生的可能自我和内隐职业声望偏好为外源潜变量,职业决策困难为内生潜变量建立的结构模型一中,模型的拟合结果较为理想：在模型二中将成就动机作为中介变量纳入,结果不仅模型建构合理,而且验证了成就动机在可能自我、内隐职业声望偏好与职业决策困难关系中的中介效应。
[Abstract]:Career decision-making difficulty refers to a variety of specific problems that an individual may encounter when he is in a state of uncertainty about the future direction of his career. College students' self-knowledge, mental health level and achievement motivation have great influence on it. In the course of the whole life development, with the increase of age and the improvement of the knowledge level, the individual will gradually form a clearer understanding of himself, and will have different hopes, expectations, and even fear thoughts about his future. And these ideas are constantly evolving, and these dynamic perceptions of self development are the possible self. When it comes to the career planning of individuals, different individuals have different attitudes and preferences for different occupations of social prestige. When individuals face different valuable and meaningful tasks, they produce different intensity of achievement motivation, which will influence decision making. In this study, situational simulation experiment and implicit association test were used to measure the possible self and implicit career prestige preference of college students, respectively. Using achievement motivation scale and college students' career decision making difficulty scale to measure achievement motivation and degree of difficulty in career decision making, 4 universities in Nanjing (Nanjing normal University, Nanjing Audit College, Nanguang College of Communication University of China) were selected. 736 college students from Nanjing Institute of Engineering (Nanjing Institute of Engineering) studied the possible self, implicit occupational prestige preference and career decision-making difficulties of college students, and reached the following main conclusions: 1. There are significant gender differences between the prospective self and the prospective self in the college students' possible self, and the female students' level of the hopeful self and the prospective possible self are both higher than that of the male students; There is a significant difference between the origin of students and the types of majors in the career decision-making difficulties of college students, especially the score of the students from rural areas is higher than that of students from urban areas. (2) there is a negative correlation between the prospective self of college students and the total score of career decision making difficulty and its three dimensions (lack of preparation, information exploration difficulty and conflict contradiction), and the negative correlation between expected self and lack of preparation; Fear may be positively correlated with the total score of career decision-making difficulties and its three dimensions. The results of multivariate ANOVA and stepwise regression analysis show that fear may self and hope self have a significant predictive effect on career decision making difficulties. 3. The implicit career prestige preference of college students is negatively correlated with the total score of career decision making difficulties and lack of preparation, but not with the difficulties of information exploration and conflict. The results of regression analysis show that although the implicit career prestige preference of college students has little variation on the interpretation of difficulties in predicting career decision making, the predictive effect has reached a significant level. (4) the structural model of college students' potential self and implicit occupational prestige preference as exogenous latent variables and career decision-making difficulties as endogenous latent variables. The fitting result of the model is ideal: the achievement motivation is included as an intermediary variable in the second model, the result is not only reasonable model construction, but also verify the achievement motivation in the possible self. Mediating effect between implicit occupational prestige preference and career decision-making difficulties.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G444;G645.5

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