我国小学生学习与发展中的参与度调查问卷研制

发布时间：2018-03-01 17:56

本文关键词： 学生参与度问卷编制基础教育质量形成性评价　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长期以来,我国的基础教育质量评价陷入以考试成绩和升学率作为主要标准的泥潭之中。国内缺乏有效、科学、全面地测量学生学习与发展状态的测量工具。教育质量的评价不应该只关注终结性评价,而应该以学生的综合素质是否发展、学校是否尽最大的努力促进学生的发展作为评价标准,也就是说学生在校期间所获得的发展的增值是评价教育质量的关键。但是学生获得发展的增值是无法直接测量的,美国学者提出使用学生参与度来测量增值,其假设是学生在校期间付出的努力和精力越多,其收获越大,发展越大。学生参与度的测量就是以学生投入到学校各项教育活动的努力程度和学校为学生发展提供的条件为评价标准的,它为我国基础教育质量评价提供了新的视角。国外有关学生参与度的研究已经很丰富,国内的相关研究也集中在高等教育领域,运用学生参与度评价基础教育质量的研究还没有。我国基础教育质量评价缺乏科学的关注学生进步和发展的评价方式,传统的评价方式不符合教育规律和不利于学生的全面发展。我国迫切需要研究出科学有效的全面的评价方法,通过关注过程的教育质量评价方法拔摆脱结果性评价的泥淖。教育部的相关政策也为本研究提供了政策支持。本研究将学生参与度理论应用到基础教育领域在我国具有开创性意义。因此,本研究欲借鉴学生参与度的有关理论,参考美国高等教育评估中测量大学生学习参与度NSSE以及美国“中学学生参与调查”(HSSSE),编制出适合我国国情的科学有效地评价我国小学教育质量的测量工具——《小学生学习和发展中的参与度调查问卷》。本研究包含问卷编制、初测研究、正式研究。首先,以学生参与度的相关理论,结合开放式调查、访谈和变量操作化完成问卷的初步编制。其次,对城市重点小学、普通小学和农村小学235名小学生进行初测研究,修改并确定量表项目。最后,选择城市重点、普通和农村三种类型小学的426名学生作为被试进行正式研究,分析问卷修改后各项目的适切性,并检验问卷的信效度。《小学生学习和发展中的参与度调查问卷》依据初测研究项目分析的结果修改,共9各部分,一共102个项目。对426份正式测试问卷结果进行项目分析发现,问卷的内部一致性a系数在0.706—0.909之间,说明问卷的信度很高。所有项目的CR值达到标准;95%的题目删除后的a值符合标准;95%的项目共同性和因素负荷量达到标准。问卷的内容效度和建构效度也比较高。城市优质小学、普通小学和农村小学的学生在学生参与度的总分上差异显著。学生期待完成的学历与在学生参与度的总分上差异显著。但是,四年级、五年级和六年级的学生在学生参与度的总分上没有显著差异。男生和女生在学生参与度的总分上没有显著差异。《小学生学习和发展中的参与度调查问卷》的编制,可以促使学校关注学生学习和发展的过程,可以帮助学校通过测量学生参与度这一新视角来评价教育质量,进而帮助学校改进办学,具有较强的推广价值。
[Abstract]:For a long time, in the quality of basic education evaluation in our country to test scores and graduation rates as the main standard of domestic quagmire. The lack of effective, scientific, measurement tools for comprehensively measuring students' learning and development status. The quality of education evaluation should not only focus on summative evaluation, and should be based on the students' comprehensive quality development does the school, make the greatest efforts to promote the development of students as the evaluation criteria, that is to say the development of the students value is the key to the evaluation of the quality of education. But students gain development value is not directly measured, American scholars put forward to participate in the degree to measure the value-added use of students, the assumption is to pay students during the harvest more effort and energy, the greater the greater development. The participation of students is to measure the students into the school educational degree of efforts and activities The school provides the conditions for the development of students as the evaluation standard, it provides a new perspective for the evaluation of the quality of basic education in China. Foreign students to participate in research has been very rich, domestic research has focused in the field of higher education, the students participate in the research of basic education quality evaluation is not quality based. Education in our country is lack of scientific evaluation on student progress and development of evaluation methods, the comprehensive development of the traditional evaluation method is not consistent with the rules of education and is not conducive to the students. China is in urgent need of scientific and effective comprehensive evaluation methods, evaluation results get rid of mud through education quality evaluation methods focus on process pull. The policy of the Ministry of education also provides policy support for this research. This research student participation theory applied to the field of basic education has pioneering significance in our country. So, This study is to use some relevant theories of the participation of students, the reference measurement of College Students' learning participation NSSE and the U.S. "middle school students to participate in the investigation of American higher education assessment" (HSSSE), measuring, learning and development of students' participation in the questionnaire. This research includes questionnaire making tools suitable for China's science effective evaluation of the quality of primary school education in our country, the initial test of the formal study. Firstly, theories related to the participation of students, combined with the open questionnaire, interview and Variales completed a preliminary questionnaire. Secondly, the key of city primary school, primary school and ordinary rural primary school 235 students tested, modified and determine the scale of project. Finally, select the key city, 426 students and three ordinary types of rural primary school as a test for the formal study, appropriate analysis of questionnaire items , and test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire analysis. Students learning and development of participation in the questionnaire on the basis of the initial test > the results of a research project and a total of 9 modified parts, a total of 102 projects in 426. A formal questionnaire results the project analysis, the internal consistency of the questionnaire of the a coefficient in 0.706 - 0.909 that, the reliability of the questionnaire is very high. All items of the CR value reached 95% standard; subject delete the a value after standard; 95% items in common and factors of load up to the standard. The content validity and construct validity of the questionnaire is relatively high. High quality city elementary school, primary school and primary school students in the rural students the participation of the total difference. Students look forward to the completion of education and participation in the students' scores are significantly different. However, the fourth grade, the fifth grade and the sixth grade students in the participation of students score no difference. Male Students and female students to participate in. There is no significant difference in the development of pupils' learning and participation in the preparation of the questionnaire on the total score, can promote the school to pay attention to the process of students' learning and development, can help the school to participate in the new perspective by measuring the students to evaluate the teaching quality, and help schools to improve school, has a strong promotional value.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G622.0

【相似文献】