小学方程教学中思想方法指导及课例研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 01:36

本文选题：小学方程　切入点：思想方法　出处：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新的课程改革背景之下，中小学教育的理念有许多新的取向。在数学教育上，重视教学过程，重视让学生掌握一定的数学思想方法，进而形成学生良好的逻辑思维能力，这已然在很多数学教师的教学中得到体现。而在小学数学教学中，方程是初步学习和渗透方程思想的重要阶段。本论文试图选取小学数学名师方程教学的课例，透视其课例中所渗透的数学思想方法，旨在让广大的数学教师能够认识到数学思想对于学生数学能力及思维品质的形成有重要意义。同时，对广大教师的方程教学设计有借鉴价值。本文通过搜集有关的文献资料并对小学数学名师方程教学的课例进行观察的基础上，形成课堂实录，以课堂实录为研究对象对方程教学的实施过程进行分析研究，以此为基础对小学教师在进行方程教学时如何进行思想方法的指导提供一定的建议和策略。论文的内容主要包括以下几个部分：第一部分是引言。该部分是论文研究的基础，交代了选题的原因及意义、核心概念的界定、文献综述和研究方法。其中选题原因主要从三个层面做了分析，选题的意义从教师和学生两个层面做了说明。界定了方程、方程教学和方程教学思想三个核心概念。在文献综述部分从两个层面对有关数学教学思想方法的研究做了总结，并根据具体情况选择了合适的研究方法。第二部分是论文研究的理论支撑部分。该部分具体阐述了小学方程教学中常用的思想方法，如模型思想、化归或者转化思想、符号化思想、数形结合思想、归纳思想。第三部分是论文研究的核心部分。该部分选取了小学方程教学中三个具有代表性的课例，如“用字母表示数”、“方程的意义”、“解决问题”。通过分析三个连贯完整的具体课例来探究在小学方程教学中如何进行思想方法的指导和渗透，，使本文研究更加全面。第四部分是对论文的总结和建议。试图在课例研究的基础上对小学方程教学思想方法提出具有针对性的教学策略和教学建议。
[Abstract]:Under the background of the new curriculum reform, the idea of primary and secondary education has many new orientations.In mathematics education, we attach importance to the teaching process, to let the students master certain mathematical thinking methods, and then to form the students' good logical thinking ability, which has been reflected in the teaching of many mathematics teachers.In primary school mathematics teaching, equation is an important stage of preliminary study and infiltration of equation thought.This paper attempts to select the class examples of equation teaching in primary school mathematics teachers, and see through the mathematical thinking methods permeated by the examples.The purpose of this paper is to make mathematics teachers realize that mathematics thought is of great significance to the formation of students' mathematics ability and thinking quality.At the same time, it has reference value to the teachers' equation teaching design.On the basis of collecting relevant documents and observing the teaching examples of equations in mathematics teachers in primary schools, this paper forms the classroom record, and takes classroom record as the research object to analyze and study the implementation process of equation teaching.On the basis of this, some suggestions and strategies are provided for elementary school teachers how to guide their thinking methods in the process of equation teaching.The content of the thesis mainly includes the following parts:The first part is the introduction.This part is the basis of the thesis, explaining the reasons and significance of the topic, the definition of core concepts, literature review and research methods.The reason of selecting the topic is analyzed from three levels, and the significance of the topic is explained from two aspects: teacher and student.Three core concepts of equation, equation teaching and equation teaching are defined.In the part of literature review, the author summarizes the research of mathematics teaching methods from two aspects, and selects the appropriate research methods according to the specific situation.The second part is the theoretical support part of the thesis.In this part, the author expatiates on the thought methods commonly used in the elementary school equation teaching, such as the model thought, the transformation thought, the symbolic thought, the combination of number and form thought, and the inductive thought.The third part is the core part of the thesis.In this part, three typical examples in equation teaching in primary school are selected, such as "number represented by letter", "meaning of equation" and "problem solving".Through the analysis of three coherent and complete concrete lesson examples to explore how to guide and infiltrate the ideological methods in the elementary school equation teaching, the study of this paper is more comprehensive.The fourth part is the summary and suggestion of the thesis.On the basis of the case study, this paper attempts to put forward some teaching strategies and teaching suggestions on the ideological methods of equation teaching in primary schools.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.5

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