小学生课堂问题行为的观察研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 14:53

本文选题：小学生 + 课堂　；参考：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：小学生课堂问题行为在课堂教学中是一个长期而广泛存在的问题，它伴随着课堂教学的产生存在于课堂教学活动中，是长期影响课堂教学改革的主要因素之一。小学课堂是学生在学校学习知识，获得成长的主要地方，和谐有序的课堂环境不仅促进学生的身心全面健康发展，更有利于教师在最大程度上发挥自己专业特长，更好地服务地服务于每一位学生，每位教师都希望自己的课堂有序、温馨、和谐、活泼，但是在现实的课堂教学活动中课堂教学效果总是不让人满意。课堂问题行为现象在中小学课堂教学过程中普遍存在。在综合国内外已有研究的基础上，本研究采用观察研究的方法，笔者借助为期三个月的教育实习机会，在课堂中针对小学生的各种问题行为进行了长期地、深入地观察，抓住一切可利用的时间进行观察或交流，获得更直接、真实的第一手资料。在综合、深入、全面分析小学生课堂问题行为原因的基础之上，，提出了相应的应对建议，以期为教师和家长在应对学生课堂问题行为，促进学生身心全面发展的方面提供一定的借鉴和参考。本研究从深化课堂教学改革的长远需求、提升课堂教学效率的现实需求及个人兴趣及发展需要三个方面论述了本研究的选题缘由；简单介绍了研究小学生课堂问题行为在理论和实践方面的意义及小学生课堂问题行为的研究过程包括研究对象的确立和研究资料的收集和整理两个方面；笔者通过搜集和整理相关的文献资料，对小学生课堂问题行为进行了概念界定，并且从小学生课堂问题行为的判断标准、小学生课堂问题行为的分类、小学生课堂问题行为的原因、小学生课堂问题行为的应对策略四个方面梳理了前人的研究。研究过程中主要采用观察法，辅以访谈法和文献分析法对小学生课堂问题行为进行深入研究，从问题行为的普遍性、课堂时间分布、空间排列、学生性别差异、学生类型五个方面重点阐述了小学生课堂问题行为的观察结果，在此基础上，从学生自身方面的原因（包括认知水平有限、需要关注、缺乏学习兴趣等五个方面）、教师课堂教学方式、课堂管理方式、班级规模及座位排列方式四个方面分析了小学生课堂问题行为的成因，然后从培养小学生的自我管理能力、运用灵活多样的教学方式、鼓励学生参与制定课堂规则、及时有效纠正课堂问题行为、合理布置课堂空间五个方面提出相关建议，为减少课堂问题行为的发生，促进学生身心全面健康发展提供一定的借鉴。
[Abstract]:Primary school students' classroom problem behavior is a long-term and widespread problem in classroom teaching. It is accompanied by the emergence of classroom teaching in classroom teaching activities and is one of the main factors that affect the classroom teaching reform for a long time.Primary school classroom is the main place for students to learn knowledge and gain growth in school. A harmonious and orderly classroom environment not only promotes students' overall and healthy development, but also helps teachers to give full play to their specialty.Better service for each student, each teacher wants their own classroom orderly, warm, harmonious, lively, but in the real classroom teaching effect is always not satisfactory.The phenomenon of classroom problem behavior exists generally in the process of classroom teaching in primary and secondary schools.On the basis of synthesizing the existing research at home and abroad, this study adopts the method of observation and research, and the author, with the help of the opportunity of three months of educational practice, makes a long-term, in-depth observation on the various problem behaviors of pupils in the classroom.Seize all available time to observe or communicate to obtain more direct and true first-hand information.On the basis of comprehensive, in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the causes of pupils' classroom problem behavior, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for teachers and parents to deal with the students' classroom problem behavior.To promote the physical and mental development of students to provide certain aspects of reference and reference.This research discusses the reasons of this research from three aspects: the long-term demand of deepening the classroom teaching reform, the realistic demand of improving classroom teaching efficiency and the personal interest and development need.This paper briefly introduces the significance of studying pupils' classroom problem behavior in theory and practice and the research process of primary school students' classroom problem behavior including the establishment of research object and the collection and arrangement of research data.By collecting and sorting out the relevant literature, the author defines the concept of classroom problem behavior of primary school students, and classifies the classroom problem behavior of primary school students according to the judgment standard of classroom problem behavior of primary school students and the classification of classroom problem behavior of primary school students.The causes of classroom problem behavior of primary school students and the coping strategies of classroom problem behavior of primary school students are reviewed in four aspects.In the course of the research, the author mainly uses the observation method, the interview method and the literature analysis method to study the classroom problem behavior of primary school students, from the universality of the problem behavior, classroom time distribution, space arrangement, gender difference of the students.On the basis of the observation results of primary school students' classroom problem behavior in five aspects of student types, the causes of students' own problems (including limited cognitive level) need to be paid close attention to.This paper analyzes the causes of pupils' classroom problem behavior from five aspects, such as the lack of interest in learning, teachers' classroom teaching methods, classroom management, class size and seating arrangement, and then develops pupils' self-management ability.Using flexible and diverse teaching methods to encourage students to participate in the formulation of classroom rules, timely and effective correction of classroom behavior, reasonable allocation of classroom space five aspects of the relevant suggestions, in order to reduce the occurrence of classroom problem behavior,To promote the physical and mental health of students to provide certain reference.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G622.4

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