我国人教版和美国中文版小学语文教材童话选文的比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-11 11:00

本文选题：人教版小学语文教材 + 美国版小学语文教材　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为儿童文学大家庭中的一员,童话有着不可或缺的一席之位。这种古老文学体裁中的巧妙情节；亦真亦幻的人物形象塑造；对自然事物的象征、拟人描写等特点,无疑皆是儿童所喜爱的。也正是因为童话这种特别的文学体裁符合儿童心理发展特征,与孩子的心理成长同步,才能成为儿童成长中重要的精神文学样式。儿童在童话世界中对于每一则故事都体会到不同层次的丰富含义,从而能够对儿童审美、想象、思维等能力的提高进行锻炼和培养,也正因为童话的存在才使得儿童和美育的关系越来越多元化和全面。不积跬步无以至千里,也正是因为童话在儿童文学中的重要作用,我们更应该与发达国家的教材中的童话作品进行比较,借鉴其优长并且改进我们现今教材中的缺陷。本文分别以人教版小学语文教材中的童话作品与美国版小学语文教材的童话作品为例,进行比较研究。第一部分首先梳理了选题原由,研究现状、意义以及方法。第二部分,对童话概念进行了探究,同时论述了其现实意义和童话与儿童学习的关系。第三部分,主要将人教版和美国版小学语文教材的编写理念和与童话相关的课程标准进行对比,找出两版小学教材在这两方面的异同优劣之处。人教版的小学语文教材其优点是：童话类作品甄选数量较多；选入范围涉及到了国外童话作品；将名著选入。缺点是：数量多但质量低；刻板说教类型的伪童话过多；童话作品分布不均衡；选入童话作品的类型单一；将多数童话作品甚至名著改写降低可读性和审美；作品偏重理性挤走幻想。美国版优点则是：选入作品多亲近自然；以儿童为本所选作品重视幻想、象征、夸张等元素；选入名著；保留作品原文并无改写,没有折损童话本身的童话味；作品排布较为合理。缺点是：有两个学段没有选入童话作品；所选童话数量有些偏少；常人体童话选篇不足。第四部分,将两版教材中童话选文作品的基本情况分别进行数量统计,将童话作品的编排设置和分类情况做分析研究,并且对调查结果进行对比。第五部分,通过对两版教材童话作品的对比研究,发现我国小学语文教材中的童话作品存在着童话广度受限、教育体童话过度、偏重理性思维,扼杀幻想以及原宗童话被改编后出现的种种问题,通过比较和借鉴美国版小学语文教材的童话作品后,对我国人教版小学语文教材中的童话作品提出了一系列的修改建议：加大教材中童话的选文比重,淡化说教,还原原宗童话和加大对于超人体童话的选篇量以及合理排布不同年级学段教材中的童话作品。论文对教材中的童话作品进行了质的考量和量的统计分析,从理论和实践上都进行了研究。希望通过比较两国版本小学语文教材中的童话作品,能够为我国人教版的小学语文教材中的童话作品编选提供借鉴,同时提出就教材选编上有益的整改建议。
[Abstract]:As a member of the great family of children's literature, the fairy tale has an indispensable position. The ingenious plot in this ancient literary genre; the real and illusory characterization of characters; the symbols of the natural things and the portrayal of human beings are undoubtedly all the children's favorite. It is because the special literary genre of fairy tales conforms to the children. The characteristics of psychological development and the psychological growth of children can become an important spiritual literary style in children's growth. In the fairy tale world, children experience the rich meaning of different levels in every story, which can improve the ability of children's aesthetic, imagination, thinking and so on. It is also because of the existence of fairy tales. The relationship between children and aesthetic education is more and more diversified and comprehensive. It is because of the important role of fairy tales in children's literature. We should compare with the fairy tales in the textbooks of developed countries, draw lessons from the advantages of the developed countries and improve the defects in our present textbooks. Study the fairy tales in the Chinese textbooks and the fairy tales of the American primary language textbooks for example, make a comparative study. The first part first combs the origin of the topic, research status, significance and methods. The second part, explores the concept of fairy tales, and discusses its practical significance and the relationship between fairy tales and children's learning. The third part, This paper compares the writing concepts of the human teaching edition with the American edition of primary school Chinese textbooks and the curriculum standards related to fairy tales, and finds out the similarities and differences of the similarities and differences between the two aspects of the two edition of primary school textbooks. The shortcomings are: the defects are: the quantity is more but the quality is low; the pseudo fairy tales of the stereotyped teaching type are too many; the fairy tales are unevenly distributed; the types of fairy tales are selected to be single; the most fairy tales and even the famous works are rewritten to reduce the readability and aesthetics; the works are more rational to squeeze the fantasy. The advantages of the United States are: choose the works to be close self. However, the selected works of children should attach importance to fantasy, symbolism, exaggeration and other elements; the original works are selected; the original works are not rewritten, and the fairy tales themselves are not rewritten; the works are more reasonable. The shortcoming is that there are two academic segments that have not been selected into the fairy tales; the number of fairy tales selected is somewhat less; the choice of fairy tales is inadequate. The four part, the basic situation of the fairy tale selected works in the two edition of the textbook is counted respectively. The arrangement and classification of the fairy tales are analyzed and the results are compared. The fifth part, through the comparative study of the two edition of the fairy tales, found the existence of fairy tales in Chinese primary school textbooks. With the limitation of the breadth of fairy tales, the excess of fairy tales in the education body, the reason for rational thinking, the strangling of fantasy and the adaptation of the original fairy tales, a series of revisions are put forward to the fairy tales in the Chinese Textbooks of primary school Chinese by comparing and drawing lessons from the fairy tales of the American edition of primary school Chinese textbooks. The proportion of the selection of fairy tales, desalination of preaching, the reduction of the original fairy tales and the increase in the selection of fairy tales and the rational arrangement of fairy tales in the teaching materials of different grades. The paper carried out a qualitative examination and statistical analysis of the fairy tales in the textbooks, and studied both the theory and practice. The fairy tales in the Chinese textbook of this primary school can provide reference for the compilation of the fairy tales in the primary language textbooks of the Chinese people's teaching. At the same time, it puts forward some helpful suggestions for the selection and compilation of the textbooks.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.2

【共引文献】