小学数学几何直观教学中存在的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-11-24 14:07

【摘要】：根据《全日制义务教育数学课程标准(修订稿)》(以下简称标准)的制定与实施,引起了教育界人士的普遍关注,与之前的《标准》不同的是,在新《标准》中,提出了十大核心概念,在这十大核心概念中,值得我们关注的是提出了“几何直观”这一新的概念。要求小学生要进行素质教育,培养学生的几何直观能力,在教学中培养学生的直观意识,让学生清楚地认识到几何直观不仅是一种意识、解决问题的技能和能力,更是一种思维方式。学生在几何直观能力培养的基础上,不仅可以提高发现问题解决问题的能力,而且还可以培养学生的创新意识。随着数学的发展,科学家对数学的进一步研究,发现在几何直观教学和整个数学领域几何直观教学都起这重要作用。几何直观作为数学研究及数学教学的重要方法之一,本课题主要基于几何直观在新《标准》中的重要地位,结合几何直观在小学生数学学习过程中的重要作用,针对几何直观在小学数学教学过程中存在的问题进行研究,提出相应的解决策略。使得学生在遇到抽象的数学问题时,能借助几何直观将其形象化,简单化。教师在教学中充分发挥自己的主导作用、借助几何直观教学,将抽象的数学具体化,形象化,显性化和生活化。在本论文的研究过程中主要采用的方法为观察法,通过自身在课堂的实际观察来分析几何直观在教学的过程中存在的亟待解决的问题。本论文分如下五章:第一章,绪论。主要介绍本课题选题缘由和意义;其次对有关本文的相关文献进行研究。第二章,研究设计。主要针对核心概念进行界定;介绍本论文的研究的内容,主要的研究思路和方法。第三章,主要介绍几何直观的表现形式,教学的价值及在小学生新知识建构和解决问题中的体现。第四章,几何直观在教学中的现状,主要通过教学片断来呈现,分析小学几何直观教学中存在的现状。针对几何直观教学存在的现状进行分析,找出现阶段在小学几何直观教学中存在的问题。第五章,根据第五部分,几何直观存在的问题进行分析,找出解决问题的策略,针对策略设计几何直观能力培养的教学案例。对本论文的研究进行总结并提出可行性的建议。
[Abstract]:According to the formulation and implementation of the Mathematics Curriculum Standard for Full-time compulsory Education (revised draft) (hereinafter referred to as the Standard), it has aroused the general concern of the educational circles. In this paper, we put forward ten core concepts, among which we should pay attention to the new concept of "geometry intuitionism". It requires elementary school students to carry on quality education, to cultivate students' geometric intuitionistic ability, to cultivate students' intuitive consciousness in teaching, to make students realize clearly that geometry intuition is not only a kind of consciousness, but also a skill and ability to solve problems. It's a way of thinking. On the basis of the cultivation of geometric intuitionistic ability, students can not only improve their ability to find and solve problems, but also cultivate their creative consciousness. With the development of mathematics, the further research on mathematics has found that it plays an important role in the teaching of geometry intuitionistic and the whole mathematics field. Geometry intuitionism is one of the important methods of mathematics research and mathematics teaching. This subject is mainly based on the important position of geometry intuition in the new "Standard", combined with the important role of geometry intuition in the process of elementary school students' mathematics learning. This paper studies the problems of geometry intuitionism in primary school mathematics teaching, and puts forward the corresponding solving strategies. When students encounter abstract mathematical problems, they can visualize and simplify them by means of geometric intuitionism. Teachers give full play to their leading role in teaching, with the aid of geometric intuitionistic teaching, the abstract mathematics is concretized, visualized, explicit and life. The main method used in the research of this paper is the observation method. Through the actual observation in the classroom, the problems existing in the teaching process of geometric intuition are analyzed. This paper is divided into five chapters as follows: chapter one, introduction. This paper mainly introduces the reason and significance of this topic. Chapter two, research and design. This paper mainly defines the core concepts, introduces the content of this paper, the main research ideas and methods. The third chapter mainly introduces the form of geometric intuitionistic expression, the value of teaching and its embodiment in the construction of pupils' new knowledge and the solution of problems. The fourth chapter, the present situation of geometry intuitionism in teaching, mainly through the teaching segment to present, analyzes the existing situation in the elementary school geometry intuitionistic teaching. Based on the analysis of the present situation of the teaching of geometry intuition, the problems existing in the teaching of geometry intuitionistic teaching in primary school are found. The fifth chapter, according to the fifth part, analyzes the problems existing in geometry intuition, finds out the strategy to solve the problem, and designs the teaching case of geometric intuitionistic ability training. This paper summarizes the research and puts forward some feasible suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.5

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