温州市小学低年级学生用眼卫生知识态度及行为研究分析

发布时间：2019-02-21 16:19

【摘要】：目的了解温州市小学低年级学生的用眼卫生知识、态度、行为及三者间的关系,为有效开展眼保健教育提供依据。方法整群抽取温州市3所小学一~三年级学生共1 528名,采用自编的结构问卷调查用眼卫生相关知识、态度和行为。结果温州市小学低年级学生用眼卫生知识总得分中位数为84.6分,对视力的正常值、户外活动的保护作用、配戴眼镜的必要性3个条目回答正确率较其他知识条目低,分别为37.4%,56.1%,40.6%。92.3%的学生对视力保健教育持正向态度,79.4%对参与保护视力活动持正向态度。用眼卫生相关行为中,学生最容易出现趴在桌子上读写,报告率为46.0%。用眼卫生知识与用眼卫生相关态度及行为均呈正相关(r值分别为0.127,0.115,P值均0.01),用眼卫生相关态度与用眼卫生行为也呈正相关(r=0.287,P0.01)。女生较男生用眼卫生行为较好(Z=-5.468,P0.01);随年级增高用眼卫生相关行为得分逐渐递减(H=34.229,P0.01)。结论应建立系统化的眼保健教育课程,针对学生用眼知识的薄弱环节加强教育,养成良好的用眼习惯。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the relationship between the health knowledge, attitude, behavior and the three among the low grade students in Wenzhou primary school, and provide the basis for effective eye health education. Methods A total of 1,528 primary and third-grade students from 3 primary schools in Wenzhou City were selected by cluster, and the knowledge, attitude and behavior of eye health related to the self-designed questionnaire were used. Results The median score of the total score of eye hygiene was 84.6, the normal value of the visual acuity and the protective effect of the outdoor activities, and the need for the wearing of the glasses was lower than that of other knowledge items, with the mean score of 37.4% and 56.1%, respectively. 40.6%. 92.3% of the students had a positive attitude towards the visual health education, and 70.4% had a positive attitude towards the participation in the protection of the vision. In the behavior of eye hygiene, the students most easily read and write on the table, with a report rate of 46. 0%. The health-related attitude and behavior of the eye were positive (r = 0.127, 0.115, P = 0.01), and the health-related attitude of the eye was positively correlated with the behavior of the eye (r = 0.287, P0.01). The results showed that the health behavior of the male students was better (Z =-5.468, P0.01), and the score of health-related behavior was gradually decreased with the increase of grade (H = 34. 229, P 0.01). Conclusion The systematic eye health education course should be established to strengthen the education with the weak link of the student's eye knowledge and form a good eye habit.
【作者单位】：温州医科大学眼视光学院;温州市蒲鞋市小学;温州医科大学附属眼视光医院;
【基金】：浙江省科技厅项目(2012C33012) 2014年温州市扶工扶农活动资助项目
【分类号】：G627.8

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