重症监护护理专业学位硕士研究生专科化培养体系的探讨

发布时间：2018-07-12 13:24

  本文选题：重症监护 + 护理专业学位硕士研究生　； 参考：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的以重症监护方向护理专业学位硕士研究生(Master of Nursing Specialist,MNS)应当具备的核心能力为框架,探讨其专科化的培养体系,为各大护理院校培养研究生水平的高层次、高质量重症监护专科护士提供理论指导,从而促进我国高等护理教育的发展和护理队伍的专科化进程。方法1.采用文献回顾法、半结构式专家访谈法初步拟定函询问卷,进行预实验,修改完善问卷,形成正式函询问卷,采用德尔菲(Delphi)函询法对护理管理、护理教育、重症监护和重症医学领域的资深专家进行两轮问卷调查,请专家来评价该培养指标体系的合理性和重要性。2.采用Excel 2010和SPSS 21.0统计学软件进行整理分析。用均数、标准差和百分比表示专家基本情况,用问卷有效回收率表示专家积极系数,用专家的学术水平以及专家对指标的熟悉程度和判断依据表示专家权威程度,用重要性赋值均数(`X)、认可率(Cj)、满分频率(Kj)、变异系数(CV)和指标的权重值表示各指标的重要性及专家意见集中程度,用Kendall’s W和谐系数表示专家协调程度。3.条目纳入标准:同时满足`X3.5,CV0.25,Cj≥50%,Kj≥20%,否则修改或删除,最终形成一套系统的符合重症监护方向护理专业学位硕士研究生的培养体系。结果1.选取来自北京市、上海市、广东省、江苏省、山东省、辽宁省、河南省7个省市,涵盖护理管理、护理教育、重症监护和重症医学领域的27名专家。年龄平均48.22±9.42(28~65)岁;工作年限平均23.15±10.15(11~49)年。2.经过两轮函询后,专家积极系数分别为:87.9%、93.1%;权威程度分别为:0.853±0.121,0.877±0.107;Kendall’s W和谐系数分别为0.264和0.337。3.根据指标纳入和排除标准,本研究中“组织和系统的领导能力”中“采用定量和定性数据评估循证护理实践效果的能力”CV=0.25,Kj=3.7%,故将其删除;在临床实践安排中“护理科研实践3个月”CV=0.33,故将其删除;将“组织和系统的领导能力”中“通过跨学科合作评估、预防、降低重症护理风险的能力”改为“具有降低重症护理风险的能力”;将“科研能力”下设的各项指标整合为“科研实践操作能力”,并增加“科研思维能力”和“科研成果应用能力”;在课程设置中,将“护理理论”改为“高级护理理论实践”,将“护理伦理学”融合到“医学相关法律法规”中,并添加“护理信息学”等。初步确立了培养目标、入学条件、课程和学分设置、临床实践安排、培养方式和质量评价6个要素及其延伸的29个一级指标和78个二级指标。结论函询专家积极程度、权威程度和意见协调程度较好,最终得出的指标体系有较高的科学性、合理性。该培养体系的探讨可为我国各护理院校MNS培养大纲的制定提供参考和借鉴。但随着我国护理学科的不断发展以及重症监护专科护士角色职能的不断转变,该培养体系的探讨还将处于不断调整之中。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the specialized training system of Master of Nursing Specialist-NNS (MNS) in the framework of the core competence of Master of Nursing Specialisten (MNS) in the direction of intensive care, so as to cultivate the high level of graduate students in all nursing colleges and universities. High quality intensive care specialist nurses provide theoretical guidance to promote the development of higher nursing education and the specialized process of nursing staff in China. Method 1. Literature review method, semi-structured expert interview method were used to preliminarily draw up the questionnaire, carry out preliminary experiment, modify and perfect the questionnaire, form the formal questionnaire, and adopt Delphi method to deal with nursing management and nursing education. Two rounds of questionnaires were conducted by senior experts in the field of intensive care and intensive medicine, and experts were asked to evaluate the reasonableness and importance of the training index system. Excel 2010 and SPSS21.0 statistical software were used to organize and analyze. The average, standard deviation and percentage are used to express the basic situation of the expert, the positive coefficient of the expert is expressed by the effective recovery rate of the questionnaire, and the degree of authority of the expert is expressed by the academic level of the expert and the degree of familiarity and judgment of the expert to the index. The importance of each index and the concentration degree of expert opinion are expressed by the mean value of importance assignment (`X), the acceptance rate (CJ), the full score frequency (KJ), the coefficient of variation (CV) and the weight value of the index. The degree of expert coordination is expressed by the harmonious coefficient of Kendalls W. Item inclusion criteria: at the same time meet the `X3.5C0.25CJ 鈮，

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