高职院校毕业生就业影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 08:08

本文选题：高职院校 + 毕业生　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：高等职业教育在我国国民教育序列中有着极其重要的地位,研究高职毕业生就业的相关问题,不仅对学生就业有重要的意义,同时也对创建一流高职院校、服务地方社会经济发展有重要意义。国内外相关资料大都从高等职业教育、人才培养、高职毕业生就业三个层面对高职院校毕业生就业进行了研究,研究的关注度高且研究内容集中。与普通高校毕业生相比,高职院校学生就业的优势在于,一是在就业观念层面上,更为理性和务实;二是在就业态度上,对自我的定位更为准确;三是在薪酬期望层面上,因自身条件对薪酬的期望较低;四是在技术应用能力上,实际操作能力强。其劣势在于一是在学历上,因学历低而各种机会少;二是在人文素质上相对稍差;三是在心理上,个性心理不稳定、复杂多变。当前高职院校学生就业也面临着不少问题,一是区域偏向过于集中,二是缺乏对就业政策的了解,三是工作单位性质和工作岗位比较分散,四是就业准备不足。其原因主要在于社会认知、学校教育、学生个人三个方面。在社会因素方面,一是就业政策的实施力度不高,二是社会认同偏低并存在认知偏见;在学校教育方面,一是人才培养模式不科学,二是专业设置不合理,三是教学方式与实践要求不配套,四是就业和创业指导水平不高,五是专业技术培养模式落后;在学生个人方面,在学生综合素质及就业心态、就业意识两方面存在问题。做好高职院校学生就业工作,要从以下几个方面着手:第一,全面提高高职院校学生的自身素质,要注意在校学生自身综合素质的培养,注重职业素质教育,加强对学生的品德教育和职业生涯规划引导教育。第二,高职院校要按照社会需求培养高技能人才,以市场需求为导向,进行教学改革,切实加强就业指导工作,树立高职高专学生就业的良好观念。第三,转变用人理念,营造良好的高职院校学生就业氛围,政府要营造良好高职院校毕业生就业氛围,完善和落实高职院校大学生就业和创业相关政策,加强对人才市场体制运营的监管。
[Abstract]:Higher vocational education plays an extremely important role in the national education sequence of our country. It is not only of great significance to the employment of students, but also to the establishment of first-class higher vocational colleges to study the employment of higher vocational graduates. Serving local social and economic development is of great significance. Most of the relevant materials at home and abroad from higher vocational education, talent training, vocational graduates employment in three levels of higher vocational college graduate employment has been studied, the research attention is high and the research content is concentrated. Compared with ordinary college graduates, the advantage of higher vocational college students in employment lies in: first, in employment concept, more rational and pragmatic; second, in employment attitude, the positioning of self is more accurate; third, in salary expectation level, The expectation of salary is low because of its own condition; fourth, it has strong practical ability in technical application ability. Its disadvantage lies in one is in the educational background, because of the educational background is low and each kind of opportunity is few; the second is in the humanities quality is relatively poor; three is in the psychology, the individuality psychology is unstable, complex and changeable. At present, the students in higher vocational colleges are faced with many problems, one is that the regional bias is too concentrated, the other is the lack of understanding of the employment policy, the third is the nature of the work unit and the job position is relatively scattered, and the fourth is the lack of preparation for employment. Its reason mainly lies in the social cognition, the school education, the student three aspects. In terms of social factors, one is that the implementation of the employment policy is not high, the other is the low social identity and the existence of cognitive prejudice; in school education, the mode of talent training is unscientific, and the professional setting is unreasonable. The third is that the teaching method is not matched with the practical requirements, the fourth is the low level of employment and entrepreneurship guidance, the fifth is the backward mode of professional technology cultivation, and the problems exist in the students' comprehensive quality, employment mentality and employment consciousness. In order to do a good job for students in higher vocational colleges, we should start from the following aspects: first, to improve the students' own quality in an all-round way, to pay attention to the cultivation of their own comprehensive qualities and to pay attention to vocational quality education. We will strengthen moral education and guide education in career planning for students. Second, higher vocational colleges should train high-skilled talents according to social needs, take market demand as the guide, carry out teaching reform, strengthen employment guidance work, and set up the good idea of vocational college students' employment. Third, to change the concept of employment, create a good employment atmosphere for students in higher vocational colleges, the government should create a good employment atmosphere for graduates of higher vocational colleges, and improve and implement the employment and entrepreneurship policies of students in higher vocational colleges. We will strengthen supervision over the operation of the talent market system.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G717.38;F249.2

【参考文献】