广州市属高等职业院校高技能人才培养路径研究

发布时间：2018-12-21 15:56

【摘要】：我国在全面深化改革推动下,从“中国制造”到“中国智造”的发展转变不仅对高技能人才的需求数量与日俱增,还对高技能人才的技能、素质提出更高的要求。高等职业院校是培养高技能人才的主要途径之一,肩负着培养高技能人才的后备人选的重任。因此,本文以广州市属高职院校为分析对象,考察其如何培养高技能人才,并探索合适的培养路径以期提高高等职业院校的人才培养质量。本文运用文献分析法对我国的相关研究文献进行梳理与分析,界定高等职业院校的人才培养定位于高技能人才。高技能人才在培养规格上具备“高素质”要求,但在技能等级上还是发展中的高技能人才。运用胜任力冰山理论剖析高技能人才的培养既要兼顾基准性素质(知识、技能)培养又要同时培养鉴别性素质(自我概念、个性特征与品质、动机)。完备的知识结构、高超的技能、良好的个性特征和品质、成就目标动机,这些素质是影响个体成才的主要几个内在因素,高职院校需要从这几个方面加以培养与重视。除此之外,“做中学”、情境学习、个性化培养,因材施教是培养高技能人才的有效方式;学习、实训、工作场所实践的反复螺旋式交替是高技能人才形成的过程。文章从人才培养目标、培养过程、保障体系、考核评价四个维度对广州市属四所高职院校的会计类专业培养现状进行了对比研究。其结论是,广州市属四所高职院校在这四个维度中的培养路径基本相同,虽在实现学生与企业零距离对接方面不断探索取得一定成果,但不可避免的在弱化“教育性”目标、忽视鉴别性素质培养、“硬项目”和“软项目”投入不足、轻视个性化培养方面还存在问题。为了提高人才培养质量,针对市属高职院校在人才培养过程中的存在的问题,遵循个体的“生存”—“生长”—“生成”的发展路径,探索了基于胜任力结构的人才培养目标和规格、合力双轨能力发展的培养过程、建立共享保障体系、建立多元的评价机制的培养路径,以实现高等职业教育的内涵式发展。
[Abstract]:Under the promotion of comprehensive deepening reform, the development and transformation from "made in China" to "made in China" not only demands more and more highly skilled talents, but also puts forward higher demands on the skills and quality of highly skilled talents. Higher vocational colleges are one of the main ways to train high-skilled talents and shoulder the important task of reserve candidates for training high-skilled talents. Therefore, this article takes the Guangzhou City higher Vocational College as the analysis object, investigates how to train the high skill talented person, and explores the suitable training path in order to improve the talent training quality of the higher vocational college. In this paper, we use the literature analysis method to sort out and analyze the relevant research documents in our country, and define the talent training in higher vocational colleges and universities as the high skilled talents. High-skilled talents have the requirement of "high quality" in training specifications, but they are still developing high-skilled talents in skill level. Applying the theory of competency iceberg to analyze the cultivation of high skilled talents, we should not only take into account the training of basic quality (knowledge, skill), but also cultivate discriminative quality (self-concept, personality characteristics and quality, motivation) at the same time. Complete knowledge structure, excellent skill, good personality characteristic and quality, achievement goal motive, these qualities are the main internal factors which influence the individual to grow up, the higher vocational colleges need to cultivate and pay attention to from these several aspects. In addition, "learning by doing", situational learning, individualized training and teaching according to aptitude are the effective ways to cultivate highly skilled talents, and the process of formation of highly skilled talents is the repeated spiral alternation of learning, practical training and workplace practice. This paper makes a comparative study on the present situation of accounting specialty training in four vocational colleges of Guangzhou city from the four dimensions of personnel training goal, training process, security system and evaluation. The conclusion is that the four vocational colleges of Guangzhou City have the same training path in these four dimensions. Although they have made some achievements in realizing the zero-distance docking between students and enterprises, it is inevitable to weaken the goal of "education". There are still problems in neglecting differentiated quality training, insufficient investment in hard projects and soft projects, and neglect of individualized cultivation. In order to improve the quality of talent training, in view of the problems existing in the process of talent training in the city higher vocational colleges, the development path of individual "survival", "growth" and "generation" should be followed. This paper explores the goal and specification of talent training based on competence structure, the training process of developing the ability of combining forces with two tracks, the establishment of shared security system and the cultivation path of multiple evaluation mechanism, in order to realize the implicit development of higher vocational education.
【学位授予单位】：广东技术师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G712

【参考文献】