制定幼儿园评估标准需要澄清的几个问题

发布时间：2018-06-19 22:03

本文选题：幼儿园评估 + 等级评估　；参考：《学前教育研究》2011年01期

【摘要】：对幼儿园进行等级评估是各省市教育行政部门对幼儿园进行业务管理的重要手段,很多省市相继出台或修订了幼儿园评估标准。竖于我国地域广阔,各地自然状况与社会文化经济发展水平差异显著,各地确实需要因地制宜,制定地区性的标准,但逐步实现省域范围内标准的统一还是比较适宜的,这不仅便于分级管理,而且利于横向比较,也是符合国内外评估体系建构与使用趋势的。评估标准应始终体现当前幼儿教育的主流价值观,以消除幼儿教育市场化产生的各种不良影响,如可对办园规模、所用教材、课程等进行明确规定与限制,以消除幼儿园小学化倾向及其商业化行为。评估标准应主要围绕教师、设施、课程、儿童四个教育基本要素,建构能够真实反映幼儿园教育质量的指标体系,包括各结构性指标与过程性指标,并科学考虑各指标的权重。在此,要特别强调设施设备等物质为教育教学服务的理念,有关"办学条件和设施"的指标所占分量应恰当,以避免幼儿园之间在环境创设上的无意义攀比。同时,还应考虑哪些指标是在短暂的评价期间就能观察和了解到的,特别应将幼儿园在幼儿发展评价方面所做的工作列为评价内容,将对班级教育工作的评价作为重点,将幼儿在教育过程中可观察的行为表现列入评价指标。在最终的评价结果上,宜采取先评分后依权重计算的计分方式,在拉开差距的同时体现不同指标的重要程度,以提高评估的信效度。
[Abstract]:Grade evaluation of kindergartens is an important means for the administrative departments of education of provinces and cities to manage kindergartens. Many provinces and cities have introduced or revised the evaluation standards of kindergartens one after another. Since China has a vast territory, there are significant differences between the natural conditions and the level of social, cultural and economic development in various parts of the country. It is indeed necessary for all localities to formulate regional standards according to local conditions, but it is more appropriate to gradually realize the unification of standards within the provincial scope. This is not only convenient for hierarchical management, but also conducive to horizontal comparison, and is in line with the trend of construction and application of domestic and foreign evaluation systems. The evaluation criteria should always reflect the mainstream values of the current early childhood education, so as to eliminate all kinds of adverse effects of the marketization of early childhood education, such as the scale of the kindergarten, the teaching materials used, the curriculum and so on, which can be clearly defined and restricted. In order to eliminate kindergarten primary school tendency and commercial behavior. The evaluation standard should mainly focus on four basic elements of education: teacher, facility, curriculum and children, and construct an index system that can truly reflect the quality of kindergarten education, including each structural index and process index, and scientifically consider the weight of each index. In this paper, we should emphasize the idea that facilities, equipments and other materials serve education and teaching, and the indexes of "conditions and facilities for running schools" should be appropriate in order to avoid the meaningless comparison between kindergartens in the creation of environment. At the same time, consideration should also be given to indicators that can be observed and understood during a short period of evaluation, in particular the work done by kindergartens in early childhood development evaluation, with emphasis on the evaluation of class education, The observable behavior of young children in the process of education was included in the evaluation index. In the final evaluation results, it is appropriate to use the scoring method of scoring first and then calculating according to the weight, to draw the gap and to reflect the importance of different indicators, so as to improve the reliability and validity of the evaluation.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学教育学部;太原师范学院教育系;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金教育学重点课题“学前一年教育纳入义务教育的条件保障研究”(课题批准号:AHA090006)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：G617

【共引文献】