基于有效供给视角下内蒙古养老服务产业发展研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 08:06

本文关键词： 有效供给养老服务产业供给模式　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在中国经济新常态下,随着人口数量的增加和人口结构的变化,中国已迈入老龄化高速发展新时期。据2015年《中国统计年鉴》统计的数据,中国超过65岁的老年人口达到1.44亿,占比约为10.5%。其中,内蒙古地区,全区超过65岁的老年人口共计373万,占比约为9.6%。按照国际公认的人口老龄化判定标准,内蒙古已经步入老年型社会。而养老服务产业的发展相对滞后,供给主体较少,供给模式单一且缺乏特色,供给总量不足等问题严重,不能满足庞大的老年群体对于养老服务的多种类、多层次、高质量、高标准的养老服务需求,养老服务产业没有实现有效供给。基于以上背景,对内蒙古养老服务产业进行分析。首先,阐述了本文的研究背景、研究目的和研究意义,对国内外养老服务产业的相关文献进行综述;其次,对养老服务产业的概念进行界定,并介绍为养老服务产业发展提供支撑的基础理论,主要包括:需求层次理论、供求均衡理论、新结构经济学理论及新供给经济学理论等;在明确养老服务产业的概念和有效供给的含义后,从有效供给的视角下,分析了内蒙古养老服务产业的发展现状。通过查找《中国统计年鉴》、《内蒙古统计年鉴》以及政府门户网站取得相关数据,分别从需求和供给两个层面展开分析,分析发现内蒙古地区养老服务产业发展存在城市和农牧区发展不均衡,供给模式缺乏民族特色,供给总量不足,服务功能不健全,管理和服务人员的专业化水平低等问题。针对以上问题,总结美国、日本以及中国上海人口老龄化情况,分析这些发达国家和地区如何有效提高养老服务产业供给,学习这些地区先进的发展理念和发展模式,以促进内蒙古养老服务产业的有效供给。最后,借鉴国内外发展养老服务产业的经验,从有效供给的视角,提出增加农牧区养老服务供给,建立牧区特色养老模式,政府积极出台鼓励民间资本进入养老服务产业的优惠政策,建立健全养老服务体系,加大服务人才培养建立健全管理体系等对策建议。在中国的经济结构、政策导向和社会观念下,养老不单关系国家经济健康成长、产业合理布局,更关系到全社会的和谐稳定以及每个家庭和个人的幸福感。养老服务产业的健康高效发展,有利于扩大就业领域,缓解就业压力,减轻政府的社会保障负担和家庭养老负担,提高社会福祉和效率,所以养老服务产业是中国的朝阳产业,必将成为中国发展潜力最大的产业之一。应顺应时代发展,抓住养老服务产业发展机遇,制定合理规划和布局,明确发展方向和目标,稳步发展养老服务产业。为内蒙古地区养老服务产业的发展提供新思路,促进内蒙古特色养老服务产业的形成和发展。
[Abstract]:Under the new normal state of China's economy, with the increase of population and the change of population structure, China has entered a new period of rapid aging and rapid development. According to the statistics of the China Statistical Yearbook in 2015, the number of elderly people over 65 years old in China has reached 144 million. The proportion is about 10.5%. In Inner Mongolia, the total number of elderly people over 65 years old in the whole region is 3.73 million, accounting for about 9.6%. According to the internationally recognized criteria for judging the aging of the population, Inner Mongolia has stepped into an old age society. However, the development of the old-age service industry is relatively lagging behind, the main body of supply is less, the mode of supply is single and lack of characteristics, and the problems of insufficient total supply amount are serious. Unable to meet the needs of a large number of elderly people for various types, levels, high quality and high standards of old-age service, the pension service industry has not realized effective supply. Based on the above background, Firstly, this paper expounds the background, purpose and significance of the research, and summarizes the related literature of the pension service industry at home and abroad; secondly, defines the concept of the pension service industry. It also introduces the basic theories to support the development of the old-age service industry, including: the theory of hierarchy of demand, the theory of equilibrium of supply and demand, the theory of new structural economics and the theory of new supply economics, etc. After clarifying the concept of pension service industry and the meaning of effective supply, from the perspective of effective supply, This paper analyzes the current situation of the development of pension service industry in Inner Mongolia. By looking up the Statistical Yearbook of China, the Statistical Yearbook of Inner Mongolia and the government portal to obtain the relevant data, the paper analyzes the demand and supply from two aspects: demand and supply. It is found that the development of old-age service industry in Inner Mongolia is unbalanced in cities and agricultural and pastoral areas, the supply mode is short of national characteristics, the total amount of supply is insufficient, and the service function is not perfect. In view of the above problems, this paper summarizes the aging situation of the population in the United States, Japan and Shanghai, China, and analyzes how these developed countries and regions can effectively improve the supply of old-age service industries. Learn from the advanced development concept and development model of these areas in order to promote the effective supply of pension service industry in Inner Mongolia. Finally, draw lessons from the experience of developing pension service industry at home and abroad, from the perspective of effective supply, It is proposed to increase the supply of old-age service in agricultural and pastoral areas and to establish a special old-age care model in pastoral areas. The government has actively introduced preferential policies to encourage private capital to enter the pension service industry, and has established and improved the old-age service system. Under China's economic structure, policy direction and social concept, pension is not only related to the healthy growth of the national economy, but also to the rational distribution of industries. It is also related to the harmony and stability of the whole society and the happiness of every family and individual. The healthy and efficient development of the old-age service industry is conducive to expanding the field of employment, alleviating the employment pressure, and reducing the burden of social security and family pension of the government. To improve social welfare and efficiency, the old-age service industry is the sunrise industry in China and will certainly become one of the industries with the greatest development potential in China. We should conform to the development of the times, seize the opportunities for the development of the old-age service industry, and formulate a reasonable plan and layout. In order to provide new ideas for the development of old-age service industry in Inner Mongolia and promote the formation and development of the characteristic pension service industry in Inner Mongolia, it is clear that the direction and goal of development should be defined and the old-age service industry should be developed steadily.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F719;D669.6

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