中国东西部地区制造业比较优势对比研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 07:37

【摘要】：在现代化发展进程中,我国由于拥有丰富的要素禀赋资源快速地发展成了制造业大国。然而,我国制造业在国际市场上却一直被认为是低质量生产的代表,且目前仍然依靠价格低廉、劳动力优势以及数量上的扩张来获取收益,依然位于产业价值链的低端。就目前而言,我国西部地区制造业发展缺乏专有技术和自主品牌,东西部地区制造业的发展差距十分明显。因此,为提升制造业的核心产业竞争力、强化制造业的比较优势、推动其产业内部结构的提升、缩减东西部地区制造业之间的发展差距,本文对影响东西部地区制造业的比较优势变动的因素进行了全面分析。首先,基于国内外学者的研究成果,本文借鉴了李嘉图的比较优势理论,并基于修正后的L-Z模型从相对全要素生产率的角度对我国东西部地区制造业比较优势变化情况进行了测度。本文采用相对全要素生产率的测算方法在一定程度上剔除了加工贸易的影响,可以反映出我国东西部地区制造业比较优势变动的真实情况;且不仅将要素禀赋理论与李嘉图的比较优势理论有效的结合起来,还考虑到了综合诸多因素,因此与其他测度指标相比更加全面准确。其次,通过对东西部地区制造业比较优势的测度结果可知,我国东部地区制造业的比较优势从2004年的0.4932增长到2014年的0.6751,比较优势强化较为显著。就我国西部地区而言,比较优势从2004年的0.3618增长到2014年的0.4763,比较优势强化速度较慢。然后,本文在对我国东西部地区制造业比较优势影响因素进行实证研究发现,影响东西部地区制造业比较优势最为显著的分别是规模经济和自主研发因素。最后,依据实证结果,针对东西部地区制造业的发展状况因地制宜地制定相关对策建议,以提升制造业的核心产业竞争力,强化其制造业的比较优势,推动制造业产业结构的内部升级。
[Abstract]:In the process of modernization, our country has developed rapidly into a large manufacturing country because of its abundant factor endowment resources. However, China's manufacturing industry has always been regarded as the representative of low-quality production in the international market, and it still relies on the low price, labor advantage and quantity expansion to gain income, which is still located at the low end of the industrial value chain. At present, there is a lack of proprietary technology and independent brand in the development of manufacturing industry in the western region of China, and the gap of the manufacturing industry in the eastern and western regions is very obvious. Therefore, in order to enhance the competitiveness of the core industries of the manufacturing industry, strengthen the comparative advantage of the manufacturing industry, promote the upgrading of its industrial internal structure, and reduce the development gap between the manufacturing industries in the eastern and western regions, This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting the comparative advantage of manufacturing industry in the eastern and western regions. First of all, based on the research results of domestic and foreign scholars, this paper draws lessons from Ricardo's comparative advantage theory. Based on the modified L-Z model, the comparative advantage of manufacturing industry in the east and west of China is measured from the perspective of relative total factor productivity. In this paper, the relative total factor productivity (TFP) method is adopted to eliminate the influence of processing trade to a certain extent, which can reflect the real situation of the comparative advantage of manufacturing industry in the eastern and western regions of China. It not only combines factor endowment theory effectively with Ricardo's theory of comparative advantage, but also takes into account many factors, so it is more comprehensive and accurate than other measurement indexes. Secondly, by measuring the comparative advantage of manufacturing industry in the eastern and western regions, we can see that the comparative advantage of the manufacturing industry in the eastern part of China has increased from 0.4932 in 2004 to 0.6751 in 2014, and the comparative advantage has been strengthened significantly. As far as the western region of China is concerned, the comparative advantage increased from 0.3618 in 2004 to 0.4763 in 2014, and the speed of strengthening comparative advantage is slow. Then, this paper makes an empirical study on the factors affecting the comparative advantage of manufacturing industry in the eastern and western regions of China. It is found that the most significant factors affecting the comparative advantage of manufacturing industry in the eastern and western regions are economies of scale and independent R & D respectively. Finally, according to the empirical results, in order to enhance the competitiveness of the core industry of manufacturing industry and strengthen the comparative advantage of manufacturing industry, we should formulate relevant countermeasures and suggestions according to the development situation of manufacturing industry in the eastern and western regions. Promote the internal upgrading of manufacturing industry structure.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F427

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